Umbuzo ovela njalo wabanikazi bezimoto abaningi ukuthi kungenzeka yini shintsha imoto eSpain. Okungukuthi, yini evunyelwe ukushintsha futhi yini engenakushintshwa. Nokho, kulesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana nemithethonqubo ephathelene ne-DGT nokuthi ungagunyaza kanjani izinguquko ezivunyelwe, lapho izingxenye nezinye izinto zingezona ezoqobo zemoto.
Uyazi vele ukuthi uma uthenga imoto, kunezinto ezikukhangayo wena nabanye ongathanda ukuzithuthukisa, noma mhlawumbe kwakuwuthando ekuqaleni bese udinwa izinto ezithile ufune ukwenza okuthile. ukuthinta noma ukuthuthukiswa okunikeza imoto yakho ukuhlanganisa. Nokho, kuvela ukuthi kukhona izinguquko ezincane ezingenziwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kodwa kufanele wazi ukuthi yini engenziwa futhi kanjani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikhulumi nje kuphela ngezinguquko zobuhle ezifana nokushuna, kodwa nokunye okungaphezu kwalokho.
Yini engashintshwa emotweni ngaphandle kwe-homologation?
Ngokusho kwe- I-Royal Automobile Club yase-Spain (RACE), ezinye izingxenye zemoto zingashintshwa ngaphandle kwengozi yokuba nezinkinga lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe, okungukuthi, ukudlula i-ITV ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Cishe noma yiluphi ushintsho oluhlobene nengaphakathi lemoto, futhi lokho akumeli inkinga ngokuphepha kwabagibeli, kungenzeka ngaphandle kwesidingo sokugunyazwa. Isibonelo, ingashintshwa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokugunyaza:
- isihlalo se-upholstery
- Ukulungiswa noma izinguquko kusistimu yomsindo wemoto
- izinguquko zobuhle
- Ukulungiswa okuhloselwe ukuzijabulisa, njengokufaka izikrini ezihlalweni ezingemuva
Kwenzeka okufanayo naku ezinye izinguquko zangaphandle, nazo ezingadingi kugunyazwa uma zingameli usongo ekuphepheni kwalabo abangaphakathi noma kwabanye abahamba ngezinyawo nasezimotweni. Isibonelo, izinguquko zangaphandle ezingadingi ukugunyazwa yilezi:
- Ukushintsha upende womzimba
- eshintsha amathayi
- ukushintsha amathayi
Yiqiniso, lezi zinguquko ezimbili zokugcina kufanele zibe yizo ezifanele imodeli ethile, okungukuthi, uhlu lwe amarimu namathayi ashiwo umenzi. Yebo, ukubeka amasondo abanzi kunalawo afika ejwayelekile noma into efana naleyo kungase kuphazamise ukuphepha kwemoto, ngoba ingase ilahlekelwe ukubamba. Yebo, naphezu kwalokho abantu abaningi abakucabangayo, lapho amasondo eshuba, kulapho imoto enesisindo esifanayo ingashibilika. Futhi lena i-physics ehlanzekile, uma indawo yokuxhumana nomhlabathi inkulu, khona-ke isisindo sizosatshalaliswa phakathi kwayo yonke leyo ndawo, sisebenzisa ingcindezi encane kunalapho ubunesondo elincane, isisindo salo siwela endaweni ephansi yokuxhumana. Ngisho ukuthi, ungakhohliswa izimoto zomjaho noma izimoto ezinkulu ezinamasondo abanzi. Kulolu hlobo lwemoto, kukhiqizwa amandla amakhulu ukuze kubambeke kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwesondo, kodwa akunjalo ezimotweni ezivamile zasemgwaqweni...
Qaphela futhi nezinye izinguquko ezenzekayo bebezodinga imvume uma uzozenza, naphezu kokubonakala kwezinguquko ezincane zezimonyo. Ngokwesibonelo:
- Shintsha ubukhulu bangaphandle bemoto yakho
- Sebenzisa izinto ezingagunyazwanga umenzi wemoto yakho
- lungisa amafasitela
Uma kungenjalo, i-ITV ngeke idlule, ngisho ungahlawuliswa Uma umiswa Amaphoyisa noma I-Civil Guard ngenkathi ushayela nalezi zinguquko ezingagunyaziwe...
Ngingathanda futhi ukucacisa esinye isigaba, futhi kunjalo itimu yokukhangisa emotweni. Abanye bacabanga ukuthi akwenzeki ukuyithwala. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngokwengxenye. Isibonelo, izinkampani eziningi zikhokha imali enhle ukuze zibe nelogo yenkampani noma ukukhangisa emotweni yakho. Uma unganaki ukuthi lokhu kubukeka kanjani, ungazuza kusukela ku-€120 kuya ezinkampanini ezingakhokha kufika ku-€1500 noma ngaphezulu. Ungakwazi futhi ukuphatha ilogo yakho noma ukukhangisa kwenkampani yakho. Lokhu kusemthethweni ngokuphelele, okungeke kuphathwe amalogo noma izimpawu zokuthengisa ezibhalisiwe ngaphandle kwemvume yenkampani ezingaphansi kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-DGT ingaphinde ikuhlawulise ngokugqoka izitikha ezikhanyayo noma ezikhanyayo ezingase zithiye ukubonakala kwezinye izimoto nabahamba ngezinyawo emgwaqeni.
Ungagunyaza kanjani izinguquko emotweni?
Njengoba ngike ngasho ngaphambili, zikhona ezinye izingxenye ongazilungisa, kodwa lokho kufanele uvume uma ufuna ukuzungeza ngaphandle kwezinkinga futhi udlule ITV elandelayo yemoto. Ukuze wenze lezi zinguquko emotweni eSpain futhi ugunyazwe, kufanele ube nochungechunge lwamadokhumenti:
- Iphrojekthi lapho zonke izinguquko ezenziwe emotweni zicacisiwe.
- Umbiko wokuvumelana okhishwe isevisi yezobuchwepheshe egunyaziwe noma umkhiqizi wemoto uma wenziwa endlini esemthethweni.
- Isitifiketi esisemthethweni esivela endaweni yokusebenzela lapho ukuguqulwa kwenziwa khona emotweni.
Ngawo wonke lawo madokhumenti, kuzodingeka yenza i-aphoyintimenti ku-ITV eduze futhi uyoqinisekisa ukuthi imoto ithobela zonke izimo zokuphepha nemikhawulo yemvelo esungulwe imithetho yaseSpain. Okusho ukuthi, kufanele uphinde udlule i-ITV futhi uma idlula, uzokwazi ukushayela ngaphandle kwenkinga ngemoto esemthethweni ngokuphelele, noma ngabe ishintshiwe.
Uma ushintsha imoto futhi ungadluli kunqubo ye-MOT, ungabhekana nayo izinhlawulo noma unswinyo olungafika ku-€500. Futhi hhayi lokho kuphela, ezinye zezinguquko ezingagunyaziwe zingathinta ukuphepha, ngakho usengozini yengozi. Futhi uma lokhu kwenzeka, the umshwalense ngeke ukhokhele izindleko zakho Wamukelekile, njengoba bekungokwezingxenye ezingagunyaziwe. Ngakho-ke, qaphela lolu hlobo lwezinguquko ezingagunyaziwe...
Yini engashintshwa emotweni ngemvume ehambisanayo?
Okokugcina, ukuze uqonde kangcono yini engashintshwa emotweni eSpain uma wenza i-homologation ehambisanayo, nalu uhlu olunezingxenye noma amasistimu:
- Ukushintsha amathayi kwabanye abanobukhulu obuhlukile noma izici. Ukushintsha amathayi avamile kwamanye agunyaziwe ngeke kudinge imvume eyengeziwe.
- Izinguquko emsebenzini womzimba noma i-chassis ngokuvamile. Ngisho nangaphezulu uma beshintsha ubukhulu bemoto.
- Iyunithi yokulawula injini ye-elekthronikhi ukwandisa amandla.
- Ukuqondiswa.
- izimbazo.
- Izinto zokuhlonza imoto, njengohlaka, indawo yepuleti lelayisense, njll. Yiqiniso, akufanele nanini ipuleti lelayisense limbozwe noma linciphise ukubonakala kwalo.
- Amabhuleki.
- Izinhlelo zokukhipha umoya, ikakhulukazi uma zizokhipha umsindo owengeziwe noma ezingase ziguqule ukukhishwa okuvunyelwe (ukuqedwa kwama-mufflers, i-catalyst, ukuguqulwa kwesigaba sokuphuma,...). Yiqiniso, ngeke ukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwe-catalyst.
- Isistimu yokudlulisa amandla.
- Izibani zemoto noma izici zokubonisa (izibani zangaphambili, amalambu enkungu, amabhuleki angemuva, izinkomba zendlela, izibani eziphuthumayo...). Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa amalambu e-LED noma okufanayo endaweni engaphansi yezimoto nezinto ezifana nalezo zingenzeka.
- Izinguquko zokumiswa.
- Amafasitela emoto anombala.
- Iyunithi yamandla noma injini (ukushintsha injini kufakwe enye enezici ezihlukile kweyokuqala, ukufakwa esikhundleni kwesistimu ethathayo, ukukhishwa kwamayunithi asizayo, ukushintsha indawo yenjini, ukushintsha ithangi likaphethiloli, izinguquko ku-accelerator, ukuhlela noma ukuguqulwa ukuze kuhluke kakhulu amandla, uhlelo lokuqala,…).