Iqembu le-HRT Formula 1: Iqembu laseSpain ebelingaba futhi langabi…

El I-HRT (ngaphambilini eyayiyi-Campos Meta 1 kanye neThimba Lomjaho we-Hispania) Bekuyiqembu lendabuko yaseSpain, njengoba kungenzeka uyazi. Isisekelo salo sadalwa wumufi u-Adrián Campos, ibhentshimakhi yemidlalo yezimoto ezweni lakithi. Ngenkathi iFormula 1 ivula amathuba okungenela amaqembu amasha, bekungelinye lalawo athatha ithuba lokwenza lokho, kanye neVirgin Racing Team (Iqembu leMarussia F1) kanye neTeam Lotus (Iqembu leCaterham F1), kanye nokuqokwa kwe-USF1 yaseMelika. kwaliwa..

Inhloso yakhe bekuwukuncintisana kuFormula 1 kusukela ngesizini ka-2010, ebhalisa ngo-2009. Lena yindlela i-HRT eyaba ngayo iqembu lokuqala laseSpain ukuqeda isizini yonke kuFomula 1. Futhi uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngomlando walokhu kudlulwa kweSpanishi ku-F1, ngikumema ukuthi uqhubeke ufunda...

Ingemuva

Ngaphambi kwe-HRT kwakukhona Eminye imizamo yeSpanishi noma amaphrojekthi wokufaka i-F1, kodwa ngaphandle kwempumelelo enkulu. Nokho, kuyajabulisa ukubazi ngaphambi kokuthi ngikhulume ngeqembu engizobhekana nalo lapha:

Pegasus Spain

Ithimba Pegasus Spain Kwakuwuhlelo lwezimoto lwaseSpain olwakhiwa ngo-1954 ngenhloso yokuncintisana kuFormula 1, imoto uFranco ayefuna ukubeka ngayo izwe emhlabeni wokuncintisana. Umgomo wabo wokuqala kwakuwukuhlola futhi, uma benemiphumela emihle, bangenele imijaho.

Isihlalo esisodwa ebesikhethelwe le phrojekthi bekuyi I-Pegasus Z-105, kodwa ngokudabukisayo ayizange ibe khona ngale kwepulani ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesabelomali. Kodwa-ke, ithimba le-Pegaso España likwazile ukubhalisa kusengaphambili i-Spanish Grand Prix ka-1954 ngemoto eyodwa kanye nenombolo 32. Nokho, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokusekelwa ngezimali, ngeke liqhudelane futhi iqembu alizange lilethe isifunda.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubonakala sengathi i-Pegaso Z-105 yayisekelwe emotweni eyenziwe ngu-Wifredo Ricart, I-Alfa Romeo 512, okungasho ukwakheka kwenjini emaphakathi nengemuva. Injini izoba namandla angu-2.5 litres, inamasilinda amane kulayini, ama-camshaft angaphezulu aphindwe kabili kanye nama-hemispherical combustion chambers, ngaphezu kokuba nesistimu yokupholisa umoya exubile namanzi. Mayelana ne-chassis, kuyaziwa ukuthi izoba yi-multitubular futhi izobe ifakwe ukumiswa okuzimele onamasondo amane.

I-Iberia Airlines F1

I-Iberia Airlines F1 kwakuyiqembu elizimele le-Spanish Formula 1 elasungulwa umshayeli wendiza u-Emilio de Villota, ubaba kaMaría wethu esimthandayo. Uqhudelane "njengomqhudelani wamazwe ngamazwe" ku-7 Grands Prix ngesizini yase-Europe ye-1977, ekwazile ukufaneleka kokubili, kodwa ngaphandle kokushaya amaphuzu.

La Inkampani yezindiza yase-Iberia waba ngumxhasi omkhulu walo msebenzi. Njengoba ingekho ingqalasizinda yokuthuthukiswa kwe-aerodynamic kanye nenjini, u-Emilio de Villota, njengomshayeli nomphathi weqembu, wathenga iMcLaren M23 enenjini engu-500 hp Ford Cosworth futhi wakha ithimba labantu abayisithupha.

Ngo-1977, ukubamba iqhaza kwamaqembu azimele kwavunyelwa ngaphandle kwesibopho sokwethula inombolo encane yezimoto noma ukubamba iqhaza kuzo zonke izinhlanga zesizini. La maqembu, ezikhathini eziningi ezimweni ezibucayi, bekufanele adlule emzuliswaneni pre-qualifying ngaphambi kweseshini yokuhlunga ngoMgqibelo, lapho izimoto ezibhalise izikhathi ezihamba kancane kune-24th best zingayekwa, uhlobo lwesikhathi esinqunyiwe, into efana naleyo eyayisetshenziswa ngezikhathi zase-Hispania ne-HRT ngo-107%.

Le mikhawulo kanye nezinzuzo ezinikezwe amaqembu asemthethweni, njengesethi yamathayi eyengeziwe ngaphambi kweseshini yokufaneleka, kwenze kwaba nzima ukufaneleka ku-Grand Prix. Nokho, u-Emilio de Villota ukwazile ukungena emqhudelwaneni I-Spanish Grand Prix (eqeda endaweni ye-13) nase-Austria (ekleliswe endaweni ye-17).

Wenze kahle F1

Le phrojekthi Wenze kahle F1 waqala maphakathi no-1992 ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukaNick Wirth, ngenhloso yokubamba iqhaza kuFormula 1 ngesizini ka-1993. Phakathi nonyaka wawo wokulungiselela, ngo-1992, ngo-December kwakuzomenyezelwa ukuthi awukho emthethweni, okwaholela ekuyekisweni kwalo msebenzi. ekuqaleni kuka-1993.

Ithimba laliphawulwe ngokuba iphrojekthi English, nakuba imoto yayinobuzwe baseSpain. Iqembu lasungulwa ngu-Adrián Campos, kanti abaklami kwakunguNick Wirth noJean-Pierre Mosnier. Isebenzise u-chassis wemoto endala i-Andrea Moda kanye no-gearbox we-Dallara, kanti injini bekuyi-Judd V8, kanti umxhasi wayo omkhulu kwakungu-El Mondo, kanye nezinkampani ezincane zaseSpain.

Imoto yaqedwa ngoNovemba 1992, futhi ithimba libe nesabelomali se Amadola ayinkulungwane, 3.000.000. Isabelomali esiphansi kakhulu esiholele abaphathi bephrojekthi ukuthi bacabangele ukuthi babeke eceleni iphrojekthi isikhashana futhi bathole imali eyengeziwe yokuyenza.

Kodwa lokhu kwakungekona konke, imodeli eyayibizwa I-Bravo S931.1 yavalwa i-FIA ngenxa yokuthi yehlulekile ukuhlolwa kokuphahlazeka noma ukuhlolwa komthelela. Bekungaphephile ukubamba iqhaza futhi, ekugcineni, uma kubhekwa isabelomali esiphansi, le nkinga ayikwazanga ukuxazululwa futhi iphrojekthi izoyekwa.

kanye nabashayeli bezindiza UJordi Gené, uLuca Badoer, u-Ivan Árias noNicola Larini Yibona obekubhekwe ukuthi bashayele leli qembu, baze bathintana noDamon Hill kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya.

Umlando we-HRT

Manje njengoba usuwazi ingemuva le-HRT, ake sigxumele ekuchazeni umlando waleli qembu owanyakaza kangaka futhi lokho ekugcineni kwagcina ngokunyamalala, kanye nabanye abathathu angena nabo ku-F1:

I-HRT Foundation

Ngonyaka ka-2008, inkinga yezezimali emhlabeni wonke kwaqala ukungabaza ngokubamba iqhaza kwamaqembu ahlukene kuFomula 1. Lokhu kubeka iNdebe Yomhlaba yeFormula 1 engcupheni, uma iphelelwa ngamaqembu anele. Amaqembu afana noHonda, Toyota, neBMW ashiye i-F1. Ngalesi sizathu, i-FIA iqale inqubo yokukhetha ukuze inikeze amalayisense amasha okuncintisana amane. Ngenxa yale nqubo, u-Adrián Campos kanye nephrojekthi yakhe ethi "Campos Meta" babengomunye wabathathu abakhethiwe.

I-Los Izinjini zezihlalo ezihlala umuntu oyedwa zizoba yi-Cosworth, ekubuyiselweni komkhiqizi wezinjini waseBrithani kuFomula 1, ngokufanayo nakwamanye amaqembu amabili amasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazoba ne-chassis eklanywe umkhiqizi nomklami wase-Italy u-Dallara, bese bona ngokwabo bezovela nezici ezintsha.

Ithimba limele impumelelo yeqembu le-Spanish Formula 1 cishe ngokuphelele, kokubili ngokwemali nangesakhiwo sayo elakhiwe ngabasebenzi beqembu le-Campos Racing, abanolwazi lweminyaka emqhudelwaneni wezimoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baphinde baqasha onjiniyela abaningana abahlonishwayo njenge Tony Cuquerella, owayengunjiniyela we-BMW F1, uDaniel Audetto, owayenguthishanhloko weqembu lakwa-Honda kanye nelungu lombuthano oseduze noBernie Ecclestone noLuca Di Montezemolo, kanye noprofesa waseTenerife Tomás Gutiérrez, njengo-Enrique Colomina, umqondisi wezomakhenikha, u-José Julio, umqondisi wezezimali, kanye Javier Bono, umqondisi wezokuthutha.

Nokho, ngokushesha lo msebenzi wathinteka ngenxa yezinkinga zezomnotho, imithelela yayo yayisivele ibonakala eSpain. Ukuze asindise isimo, usomabhizinisi uJosé Ramón Carabante wajoyina iqembu, kodwa lokhu kwaholela ekuhambeni kuka-Adrián Campos, nezinye izinkinga esizozibona kamuva.

Kwakudingeka umholi weqembu, futhi ngenxa yalokhu bakhiphe izinkonzo Colin Kolles, ababezosebenzisa izisetshenziswa besebenzisa ingqalasizinda yabo kanye nabasebenzi. Iqembu laqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi Iqembu Lomjaho le-Hispania F1, kubhekiselwa ku-Hispania, igama leqembu lebhizinisi laseCarabante. Konke kwase kumi ngomumo ngonyaka olandelayo, unyaka wokuqalwa...

Isizini yokuqala (Hispania F110)

La 2010 isizini Kwaphawulwa yizinkinga zezomnotho ezacishe zawuqeda lo msebenzi. Naphezu kwalokhu, iqembu likwazile ukuqalisa ngemoto engakwazi ukuncintisana, enabashayeli ababili be-rookie esondweni, oyedwa kwakunguBruno Senna waseBrazil, omunye uKarun Chandhok waseNdiya. Owokuqala weza ukuzoqhudelana isizini yonke, okwesibili imijaho eyi-10 kuphela, lapho ezothathelwa indawo nguSakon Yamamoto. UChristian Klien uzophinde aphathe odokotela ababili be-GP njengobambele.

Ngenxa yokuntula ingqalasizinda yabo, ithimba lithembele ezinsizeni zikaColin Kolles, okwathi, esikhundleni sakhe "njengeqembu eliyinhloko", wasebenzisa ingqalasizinda yakhe kanye nochwepheshe ukuze basebenzise imishini. Ngale ndlela, iqembu ikhiphe zonke izinsiza ezidingekayo ukuze kuqhudelane, kuhlanganise nalezo ezinikezwe u-Kolles nethimba lakhe.

Imiphumela emihle kakhulu izoba ngeyesithathu 14, etholwe u-Chandhok ku-Australian ne-Monaco Grands Prix, kanye ne-Senna e-Korea. Le miphumela ivumele iqembu ukuthi lithole indawo yeshumi nanye esicongweni seqembu, lihlula i-Virgin futhi ngemuva nje kwe-Lotus, nakuba lingawatholi amaphuzu.

Imiphumela engemihle etholwe amaqembu e-rookie kanye nokuntula kwawo ukuncintisana kwadala inkulumo-mpikiswano isizini yonke, ebizwa ngokuthi "amantombazane ahambayo" ngenxa yobuningi bezimoto ebezihamba phambili ngesikhathi begijima. Le mpikiswano iholele ekubuyiselweni komthetho we-107% oqala ngo-2011.

Isizini yesibili (Hispania F111)

Ithimba lanquma ukwenza kabusha ngokuphelele imoto yalo ngo-2011. Isivumelwano namahemuhemu nethimba elingasekho lakwaToyota lichithiwe ukuthola imoto yakhe eklanyelwe isizini ka-2010, engakaze ingenele kuFomula 1. Kwavela namahemuhemu mayelana nokubamba iqhaza okungenzeka kukaPedro Martínez de la Rosa njengomshayeli osemthethweni, kodwa u-Italian Vitantonio Liuzzi, wakwaForce, wagcina ekhethiwe. ulahlekelwe yisihlalo sakhe uPaul di Resta, noNarain Karthikeyan waseNdiya, esekelwa yiTata Motors nabanye abaxhasi baseNdiya.

Unyaka wesibili olandelanayo, ithimba lihlulekile ukulungisa imoto yalo ukuze ihlolwe ngaphambi kwesizini, okuholele komunye umdlalo wokuqala osheshayo ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwangaphambilini emjahweni wokuqala wesizini. Ngenxa yalokho, akekho noyedwa kubashayeli bezindiza okwazile ukweqa umkhawulo ongu-107%. Izimoto zazihlale zigcina, futhi abaphikisi babo babenamandla ngandlela-thile, nakuba ekupheleni kwesizini bakwazi ukubamba iMarussia Virgin.

Isizini iphinde yamakwa ngokuthi ukungazinzi ohlwini lwabashayeli. U-Narain Karthikeyan waqala imijaho eyisishiyagalombili yokuqala ngaphambi kokunikeza indawo yakhe uDaniel Ricciardo, ngaleso sikhathi owayesemusha ohlelweni lokuthuthukisa abashayeli beRed Bull. U-Karthikeyan uphinde waqala umsebenzi wakhe ku-Indian Grand Prix, kulokhu ethatha izintambo ku-Liuzzi, ongenele yonke imijaho ngaphandle kwalowo.

El U-Liuzzi wase-Italy uthole umphumela omuhle kakhulu emlandweni we-HRT ngokuthatha indawo ye-13 ku-Canadian Grand Prix, osize iqembu ladlula iVirgin, eliqanjwe kabusha ngokuthi iMarussia, okwesibili iminyaka ilandelana laqeda endaweni yeshumi nanye.

Ngeshwa konke konakaliswe ezinye izehlakalo ezifanele ezenzeke ngaphandle kwethrekhi. UJosé Ramón Carabante, iqembu lakhe lebhizinisi lase-Hispania lalibhekene nezinkinga zezimali nezomthetho, walishiya iqembu. NgoJulayi 2011 kwamenyezelwa ukuthi iqembu lokutshalwa kwezimali laseSpain iThesan Capital izothatha izintambo zokuphatha, futhi bakhuluma ngenhloso yabo yokwenza iqembu libe yiSpanishi kakhulu ngokusungula indlunkulu yabo eSpain futhi baqhubekisele phambili iSpanishi iqembu...

Isizini yesithathu neyokugcina (HRT F112)

Isizini ka-2012 imakwe yi- ukuqaliswa "kweSpanishi" weqembu leThesan Capital. U-Kolles wathathelwa indawo uLuis Pérez-Sala, owayengumshayeli we-Minardi, njengomqondisi. Ithimba lasungulwa okwesikhashana e-Technological Park yase-Paterna labe selithuthelwa unomphela esakhiweni i-Caja Mágica eMadrid ngo-February 2012. I-HRT yaqala ukuba nabasebenzi bayo kanye nezinsiza, nakuba ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye kwakusakhishwa, ithimba lasebenzisa Umhubhe womoya wakwaMercedes ngaphansi kwesivumelwano nalelo qembu. Injini yahlala injalo kanye ne-chassis nayo, yavela kuphela futhi yajwayela imithetho emisha yesizini.

UPedro Martínez de la Rosa waba umshayeli wendiza osemthethweni. U-Narain Karthikeyan osekelwa iqembu le-Tata uthathe esinye isihlalo sokuqala ngonyaka wakhe wesibili neqembu. U-Dani Clos waseSpain, ovela ku-GP2 kanye nohlelo lwe-HRT lokuthuthukisa amakhono abasha, kanye no-Ma Qing Hua waseShayina, yibo abashayele izivivinyo. Bobabili babambe iqhaza kumaseshini okuqala wokuzilolonga mahhala njengama-rookies. Abaxhasi abambalwa baseSpain bajoyine iqembu.

Kodwa-ke, isizini iphinde yathinteka ngenxa yokushoda kwemoto entsha ngesikhathi sokulungiselela isizini. Sekuphele unyaka wesithathu ilandelana ingakwazi ukuhlola kanti umdlalo wokuqala wehluleka wukungena emjahweni wokuqala e-Australia, kwazise bobabili abashayeli beqe umkhawulo ongu-107% esigabeni sokufaneleka. Nakuba i-fiasco ingazange iphindwe, kwakuyinto evamile ukubona i-HRT ivala igridi kanye nezigaba, kulokhu baziqhelelanisa kakhulu ne-Caterham ne-Marussia.

Yize kube nokuthuthuka kwemoto kodwa izinkinga zemishini njengokushisisa kwamabhuleki kwakusho ukuthi abakwazanga ukusizakala bagcina bengaqedanga. Eqinisweni, isikhundla esihle kakhulu kwakungeso UKarthikeyan eMonaco GP, lapho ayezothola khona i-15. Phakathi nesizini, u-De la Rosa ubevame ukudlula u-Karthikeyan emqhudelwaneni wokuhlungela nomjaho, yize izinkinga zingazange zimsize umSpanishi ukuthi athole leso sikhundla esingcono…

Futhi lapha lwaphela uhambo weqembu laseSpain. I-HRT yanyamalala ngemuva kwamasizini amathathu ecishe yanzima ngenxa yokushoda kwesabelomali, kodwa babekwazi ukulwa nabanakho.

Ifa lamanje

Inkampani ye ukuchithwa kwe-Auto-Recycling u-Teo Martín, uyena owathola izingcezu ezisele ze-HRT. U-Teo Martín, isazi esihamba phambili kwezezimoto zaseSpain esineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 yesipiliyoni, uye waphatha izimoto, ifenisha namathuluzi abesendlunkulu yaseCaja Mágica.

Okwasala eqenjini le-HRT Formula 1 sekuthole indawo entsha eya kuyo endaweni eyi-scrapyard. sengathi yizicucu, indawo engafaneleki yeqembu elivelele kakhulu ku-F1 nozalo lwaseSpain. Kubonakala sengathi izihlalo ezithengiwe yilezo zika-2012 no-2011, ngaphezu kweloli lemishini, amathuluzi, imishini, ifenisha, njll. Izinjini zibuyiselwe eCosworth, u-gearbox wayiswa eWilliams lapho kwakungeyekhona, akwaziwa lutho ngemoto yokuqala ka-2010.

futhi ngiyazibuza imodi yokubonisaNgabe kwenzakalani ukube basebenzise le moto yakwa Toyota eyayihamba kahle kakhulu. Kwakuzokwenzekani ngaphandle kwezinkinga zezezimali futhi ukube izinkampani zaseSpain zazisa futhi zasekela iqembu, njengeTelefónica, Repsol, Iberdrola, njll. Izinto ngabe zihluke kakhulu mhlawumbe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphinde kwakhulunywa ngokuhlangana okungenzeka phakathi kweCampos Racing kanye ne-Epsilon Euskadi, enye yezingwazi ze-motorsport yaseSpain futhi ezuze impumelelo kwezinye izigaba. Njengamanje sisasele naleli qembu kanye neqembu leCampos Racing eliqhudelana kweminye imikhakha nalapho lingahambi kabi khona...

Ihlazo... Ingabe kuzoba nenye iphrojekthi yeSpanishi esikhathini esizayo? Ngeke wazi, kodwa okwamanje into ekude ... Phakathi amakhandidethi amasha azongena asikho iSpanishi.