Kungenzeka ukuthi ngesinye isikhathi, noma izikhathi eziningana, siye sizwe ingxoxo lapho bekudingidwa khona ukuthi sebenzisa amanzi noma uketshezi lwe-antifreeze kumjikelezo wokupholisa injini. Eqinisweni, kungenzeka ukuthi siye sangenela ukuze sinikeze umbono wethu, kodwa ingabe kunenzuzo ngempela ukusebenzisa uketshezi lwe-antifreeze? Ingabe amanzi ahambayo ayoyilimaza injini yethu? Ake sithole.
Okokuqala nje kumele sikucabangele lokho isifunda sesiqandisi sibaluleke kakhulu okwenhliziyo yemoto yethu, injini; kanye nesistimu yokugcoba yangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke akulimazi ukuthi siyicabangele, siyazi ukuthi uyini umsebenzi wayo, siyihlola njalo futhi uma kukhona ukungabaza noma inkinga siya kumakhenikha wethu. Kungcono ukutshala ama-euro ambalwa endaweni yokusebenzela kunokuphula injini.
Amanzi noma isipholile?
Ngaphandle koketshezi oluwuketshezi oluphethe ukupholisa, isekethe yonke kanye nezakhi ezahlukene eziyenzayo ayinamsebenzi walutho, ngakho-ke, njengoba iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu futhi eyibamba ngempela ukushisa kwangaphakathi kwenjini, siyahamba. ukuyinikeza ukunakwa okufanele.
Sebenzisa amanzi noma uketshezi lwe-antifreeze, lowo ngumbuzo. Amanzi angaba uketshezi olupholile olusebenzayo, empeleni, ezinjinini zokuqala ezinamasistimu okupholisa uketshezi, kwasetshenziswa amanzi nje. Uketshezi lwe-antifreeze ngokuyisisekelo lungamanzi., nakuba iqukethe uchungechunge lwezithasiselo ezithuthukisa amakhono azo ngokuphawulekayo.
Ungakwazi ukufaka amanzi ajwayelekile emotweni?
Uma sikhumbula amakilasi amakhemikhali amabanga okugcina esikoleni samabanga aphansi, sizokhumbula ukuthi amanzi abizwa ngamakhemikhali ngokuthi i-H2O. Lowo “O” umele umoya-mpilo, ngakho ingagqwala futhi idle izingxenye zesifunda. Ukwengeza, nokuqhubeka namakilasi aphansi, amanzi ashintsha isimo sawo samanzi sibe siqinile ngaphansi kuka-0ºC futhi abe umhwamuko ngaphezu kuka-100ºC.
Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Hhayi-ke, kusho ukuthi uma sisebenzisa amanzi njengesipholisa bese sishiya imoto yethu ipake emgwaqweni ezindaweni ezithile zendawo yethu (ikakhulukazi ebusuku), akhona amathuba okuthi leyo sistimu yokupholisa iqhwande uketshezi, into engasithakaseli neze. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lesifunda lingenza kube lula, kwezinye izimo, ukubilisa.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi, uma ngesizathu esisodwa noma esinye sisebenzisa amanzi njengendawo yokupholisa, akufanele isuke kumpompi. Amanzi ompompi letha umcako, engahlasela futhi ivimbe izingxenye zesekethe esikhathini esimaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa amanzi, lokho kudistilled noma demineralized.
Uketshezi lwe-antifreeze lungcono kunamanzi
I-Las izinzuzo ezinikezwa uketshezi antifreeze uma kuqhathaniswa namanzi Zifinyelelwa ngenxa yochungechunge lwezithasiselo. Lokhu kwakha izithiyo zamanzi ngokunciphisa izinga lokubanda libe cishe ku-30ºC ngaphansi kukaziro, kukhuphule indawo yokubilisa ngo-20ºC noma 30ºC futhi kuvimbele ukugqwala kanye ne-limescale.
Como ilukuluku, kukhona amathuluzi okulinganisa ukumelana nokubanda kwe-antifreeze. Ibiziwe antifreeze refractometersZinembe kakhulu futhi zishibhile. Uma wenza uhlolo, uzobona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamanzi ne-antifreeze, noma ngabe lokhu kokugcina kuwukugxila okuphansi.
Ngamafuphi: uketshezi lwe-antifreeze, nakuba lungeke luthuthukise ukusebenza kwemoto yethu, qinisekisa ukusebenza okungcono nokunakekelwa okufanayo uma uyiqhathanisa namanzi ajwayelekile namanje. Singasebenzisa amanzi acwengekile, kodwa kuhle kakhulu ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo loketshezi olunezithasiselo eziklanyelwe ukunweba impilo yesekethe futhi ziqinisekise ukupholisa okungcono.
Uma kwenzeka kuvuza okuncane futhi ungenalo uketshezi lwe-antifreeze esandleni, kulungile ukugcwalisa izinga lokupholisa ngamanzi kuze kube yilapho sixazulula inkinga futhi sivuselela uketshezi. Futhi njengoba sikhuluma ngokuvuselela i-coolant, kungcono ukunamathela esikhathini esiboniswe umenzi encwadini yakhe yokulungisa, ehluka kuye ngokuthi ngayinye, nakuba inkambiso ivame shintsha njalo eminyakeni emi-2 noma emi-3.
Njengawo wonke uketshezi lwemoto, izihlungi, izakhi namasistimu, kunjalo Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola izinga kanye nesimo esibukwayo soketshezi. ukupholisa njalo. Injini iyinhliziyo yemoto yethu, ngakho-ke, kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi ayiphazamiseki nokuthi konke kuhamba ngohlelo.
Ungakwazi yini ukuhlanganisa amanzi noketshezi lwe-antifreeze?
Izinzuzo zoketshezi lwe-antifreeze phezu kwamanzi, ngisho noma lufakwe emanzini noma lukhishwa amaminerali, selucacile. Noma kunjalo, ezimeni eziphuthumayo, kufanele ukwazi lokho ingaxutshwa amanzi alezo zinhlobo ane-antifreeze. Isibonelo, ngenxa yokuthi awukwazi ukuthola enye into ezitolo noma ngenxa yokuthi awazi ukuthi imoto yakho inasiphi isinqanda-qhwa.
Mayelana nokwakamuva, kuyoba ngcono ukuxuba amanzi distilled noma demineralized nge-antifreeze yakho, kunokuxuba i-antifreeze emibili engahambelani. Esihlokweni mayelana izinhlobo ze-antifreeze, siyakutshela ukuthi yiziphi ezingaxutshwa nokuthi yiziphi ezingakwazi.
Yiziphi izakhi ezakha isistimu yokupholisa injini futhi iyini imisebenzi yazo?
Uma sekucacile ukuthi kungani injini yethu idinga umjikelezo wokupholisa nokuthi kungani ukusetshenziswa kwe-antifreeze ethile kungcono kunamanzi nje, sizobona yiziphi izakhi eziwuhlanganisayo, umsebenzi wazo ngamunye nalapho atholakala khona.
Impompo Yamanzi
La ipipi lamanzi Itholakala ezansi enjini futhi iyona onesibopho sokuhambisa amanzi ngesekethe, ngakho ukusebenza kwayo okulungile kubaluleke kakhulu.
Yakhiwe ngabanye ophephela abazungeza ngesivinini esiphezulu noma esiphansi kuncike ekuguqukeni kwenjini, njengoba ukunyakaza kudluliselwa nge-pulley eqinile eshukunyiswa ukujikeleza okuqhubekayo kwamabhande, kungaba ibhande lesikhathi noma ibhande lezesekeli.
imigudu yangaphakathi
Ngaphakathi enjinini inoxhaxha lwezimbobo ezisebenza njengamapayipi. Isipholisi sizungeza kubo. ukumunca ukushisa okukhishwa amasilinda futhi okudluliselwa ngezingxenye zangaphakathi ezihlukene, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi kungabikho izithiyo.
Thermostat
I-thermostat elawulwa ngogesi
El i-thermostat Kuyi-valve ilawula izinga lokushisa loketshezi. Lapho injini isabanda, i-thermostat ihlala ivaliwe ukuze uketshezi lungadluli kurediyetha futhi luphole nakakhulu; okusho ukuthi, ngokuvamile kuvame ukudlula uketshezi oluya kurediyetha luze lufinyelele ku-90ºC (izinga lokushisa eliphezulu).
Uma sebefike ku-90ºC cishe, i-thermostat izovuleka futhi ivumele uketshezi ludlulele kurediyetha enkulu. Ngakho-ke, yenza imisebenzi emibili: ukuvumela injini ukuthi ifinyelele ku-90ºC ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka nokuthi uma lelo qondo lokushisa selifinyelelwe, lingeqi.
irediyetha enkulu
Lapho i-thermostat ihlala ivuliwe, okokupholisa, esikhumbula ukuthi kuzobe kushisa kakade, kuzozungeza i-radiator enkulu, etholakala ngaphambili emotweni. Izongena ngekhona lengxenye engenhla yalo futhi izohlukaniswa ukuzungeza ngamapayipi amahle ngaphakathi kurediyetha, kube lula ukupholisa kwayo.
Umoya wangaphandle uzonciphisa izinga lokushisa futhi, uma kwenzeka lokhu akwanele ngoba ukujikeleza komoya kubi, i- ngaphambili fan kagesi Izosebenza ngokuzenzakalela ngokuthumela ukusakaza komoya okunamandla.
Uma isipholile (esivele sisezingeni eliphansi lokushisa) sishiya irediyetha, izoqhubeka nohambo lwayo ngomkhono uze ufinyelele empompini yamanzi futhi, uphinda umjikelezo ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Ithangi lokunweba (lapho i-antifreeze ithululelwa khona emotweni)
Ixhunywe kurediyetha futhi iyisici esitholakala ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu lazo zonke izingxenye zesistimu. Umsebenzi wayo amunce umehluko wengcindezi okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwesekethe. Ukube bekungeyena, umfutho ophakeme ofinyelelwe lapho izinga lokushisa loketshezi liphezulu belizogcina liqhume ingxenye ethile yesekethe. Lapho injini iphola, kuzokwenzeka okuphambene, njengoba ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kungakhipha i-vacuum engase ikhubaze ingxenye ethile.
Ngaphezu kwalesi sifunda esikhulu, sithola i- umjikelezo wokushisa kwendlwana. Irediyetha yesibili, enobukhulu obuqukethwe kakhulu, itholakala eduze kwedeshibhodi. Uketshezi olushisayo oluphuma enjinini lufika kuyo ngepayipi ludlule phakathi kwayo. Ifeni inomthwalo wemfanelo wokukhiqiza umsinga womoya wangaphandle ozomunca ingxenye yalelo zinga lokushisa (umoya uyashisa) futhi izothunyelwa kuma-hatch ahlukene esistimu yokungenisa umoya yegumbi labagibeli.
Manje sesingasho ukuthi isistimu yokupholisa injini ingeyani, iluphi uketshezi oluwuketshezi okufanele silusebenzise, yiziphi izakhi ezakhayo nokuthi imuphi umsebenzi ngayinye yazo.
Isifunda sesiqandisi: sikwenzelani?
Kufanele sazi ukuthi isekethe yokupholisa ngeyani ngempela, nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi usuyazi kakade. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko uku khipha amazinga okushisa aphezulu angaphakathi enjini. Ngaphakathi kwamasilinda, ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kukaphethiloli yilapho izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lifinyelelwa khona. Sikhuluma cishe ngo-2.000ºC, nakuba kwehla ngokushesha lapho umjaho wokwandisa uqala. Ngesikhathi se-exhaust kanye nesikhathi sokuthatha siyaqhubeka sincipha, size sifinyelele cishe ku-150ºC noma ngaphezulu.
Njengoba izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kwamasilinda liphezulu kakhulu, ukushisa kusakazeka ezindongeni zawo kuzo zonke izingxenye zenjini. Uma imoto yethu ibingenalo uhlelo lokupholisa, noma yabhekana nokuwohloka okwanciphisa ukusebenza kwayo, izinga lokushisa elivamile lingakhuphuka, okubangela ukwanda kanye nokuguqulwa wezingxenye ezahlukene zomakhenikha. Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni ukuhlikihla ama-piston ngama-liner amasilinda (okungagcina kubanjwe ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu), shisa i ikhanda gasket noma ngisho nokuqhekeka ngokoqobo ezinye zezingcezu, ikakhulukazi ikhanda le-cylinder njengoba libuthakathaka kune- injini block. Ngamafuphi, ukuwohloka "okunamafutha" kakhulu.
Omunye umsebenzi ukuthi uhlelo lwesiqandisi luthobelana nalolo lwe shisa ikhabethe. Yebo, ukushisa kufinyelelwa ngenxa yokushisa kwenjini. Njengoba into epholile isezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu futhi ithatha isikhathi esifushane ukushisa, sithatha ithuba lokuzungeza umoya ongaphandle nge-radiator sisebenzisa isiphephetha-moya futhi siwuvumele ungene endaweni yabagibeli.
Izithombe 2, 5 no-6 -
cool ngiyacabanga
Hi, Jose Maria.
Ama-coolants kokubili, kokubili amanzi kanye ne-antifreeze. Zombili zinamandla okupholisa ingaphakathi lenjini, kodwa i-antifreeze ihambisana nochungechunge lwezithako ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kwamanzi.
Ukubingelela!
Cha. Namuhla kusetshenziswa uketshezi olungahlangene namanzi, ngoba nje amanzi ayikhondatha kagesi. ugesi uhlangene ngani nawo? Hhayi-ke, amanzi (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ahlanjululwe kanjani, azophakamisa ukungcola kumjikelezo futhi azocebile ngosawoti) ahamba phambili. Phakathi kwekhanda le-cylinder kanye ne-radiator sinokuhlukana kwensimbi, okuzokwenza ngamakhemikhali amandla kagesi (yebo, iba yibhethri). Uma sisebenzisa amanzi, amanzi ayoba i-electrolyte, futhi injini yethu, kanye ne-radiator, kuyoba ama-electrode; umphumela? i-oxidation, yonke into iyabola. UNGAWASEBENZISI AMANZI EZINHLELWENI ZOKUPHOLA. Izinto zokupholisa ezikhona namuhla azisekelwe emanzini (futhi uma zikhona, ungazisebenzisi).
Isihloko esihle kakhulu. Umniningwane owengeziwe uzoba ukukhulisa ulwazi lombala wesipholisi esibonwa kumakilasi amabili avamile (obomvu nokuluhlaza) nalapho sihlanjululwa noma sigxilile.
UYINI UMEHLUKO PHAKATHI OKUBOMVU NOKULUHLAZA?
Isihloko esithakazelisayo kodwa esishiya ukungabaza ukuthi kuxazululwe, thintana: Ngithenge amanzi acwecwe ezindaweni eziningana futhi ngizamile ukushiya izibuko ezinamanzi kanye nesipikili kuzo zonke kanye nomphumela wokugcina…. Wonke amanzi enza i-oxidize ngakho-ke sifakani ezimotweni zethu, singawatholaphi amanzi angenawo amaminerali noma umoya-mpilo ngempela? Yilokho ukukhathazeka kwami.
amanzi distilled akanawo amaminerali, kodwa unayo umoya-mpilo, ngamanzi distilled ugwema lime deposits
Iqiniso lokuthi i-distilled akukona ukugwema ukugqwala. Amanzi azohlala e-oxidize izinsimbi, ezicwecwe noma cha. Iqiniso lokuthi i-distilled iwukugwema amadiphozithi kasawoti okungenzeka ukuthi uhlanjululwe, hhayi ukugwema ukugqwala. Ukuze unciphise (kodwa ungavimbeli) ukugqwala kwezingxenye zesifunda, kunconywa ukusebenzisa uketshezi lwe-antifreeze olunezithasiselo ezikhawulela (kodwa ungaqedi) lesi senzo sokugqwala samanzi.
Isekhethi ikhipha kanjani ukucindezela ngokweqile ngenxa yokushisa?
Yini engenzeka uma idlula amadigri angu-100 kuyilapho igcwele amanzi ompompi?
Kungani imoto yami ishisa uma igijima ngaphezu kwamamayela angu-60? Iphampu yamanzi ne-thermostat sezishintshile.
Iyiphi into epholile okufanele isetshenziswe i-hyundai eon 0.8 yami yonyaka ka-2015, ngingasibeka kuyiphi indawo ebonakalayo? Ngidinga impendulo yakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngicela!
Umbiko omuhle kakhulu. Ngiyabonga kakhulu ngolwazi.
Sanibonani ngineOpel vectra 2500 v6, ezinsukwini ezedlule bangifakela isivalo sembotshana ethangini lami lokupholisa ngoba ngangilahlekelwa amanzi amancane, emva kwezinsuku ezimbili ngiyobheka amanzi amnyama, ngakusasa ipayipi yephuka ibaluleke kancane futhi ngemva kwesonto enye ebaluleke kakhulu yaphuka ngokoqobo, yaqala ukuthela uketshezi olubonakalayo futhi ipayipi laligcwele lolo ketshezi ngaphakathi, sengiqalile ukufaka i-antifreeze kodwa amanzi engilazini asemnyama futhi viscous, imoto ayishisi idle amafutha ngenzenjani, ngidinga izeluleko zenu ngoba ilowo nalowo ungitshela into eyodwa ngiyabonga
Kungenzeka yini ukusebenzisa amanzi ane-desalinated (amanzi akhiqizwe i-desalinator) esikhundleni samanzi acwecwe?
Ngiyabonga kakhulu,uyafundisa.Uma kumele ufake i-antifreeze,yenziwa kanjani kwiRenault Megane futhi ifakwa kuliphi ithangi,noma ifakwe kuradiator.
Imaka umdwebo wenjini, kungaba x ukupholisa okweqile noma okuphukile phezulu kwesiqukathi sokupholisa.
Yeka ukwaziswa okuthakazelisayo! Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi kahle ukuthi yini eyilungele injini yemoto nokuthi yini engeyinhle. Kanye nalokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukusebenza kwayo okulungile noma izingxenye ezidingekayo kunoma yikuphi ukulungiswa.