Namuhla kuvamile kakhulu ukuthola eziningana izinhlobo zezihlungi zamafutha. Inkinga ukuthi njengomthetho jikelele azishintsheki, ngoba injini ngayinye ihlomisa enye noma enye kuye ngokuthi iklanywe kanjani. Ngakho-ke, kufanele siqaphele lapho shintsha amafutha nesihlungi, ukuze ungafihli kule nqubo.
Ukwehlukanisa kokuqala okufanele sikucabangele izihlungi zamafutha ehlomile o i-cartridge. Ezinye izici ezibalulekile uma kuziwa ekunakekeleni imoto. Kodwa-ke, nakuba lezi kuyizihlungi ezivame kakhulu ezimotweni ezivamile, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi esingazithola ezimotweni ezinzima kanye namamodeli aphezulu kakhulu.
Ngokwezingxenye zayo ezilahlwayo
I-armored noma i-monoblock
Okokuqala, sinezihlungi ehlomile, ezibizwa futhi i-monoblock. wakhe esetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla kokubili ezimotweni zabagibeli nasezimotweni zezimboni. Kuyisisefo sensimbi esibekwa ngqo enjinini kusetshenziswa intambo ehlinzekwe le njongo. isihlungi somzimba kanye ne-cartridge yakha isethi eyodwa, eshintshwa njalo lapho sishintsha uwoyela emotweni yethu. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ezimotweni ezinezinjini zikadizili, nakuba zingatholakala kwezinye izinjini zikaphethiloli.
Lezi zihlungi zibonakala ngokuba ne- i-bypass valve ilinganiswe ngengcindezi ethile. Lapho umfutho kawoyela udlula inani elisethiwe, i-valve iyavuleka ivumela amafutha ukuthi abuyele ekubuyiseleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangase babe nakho i-valve engabuyi okuqinisekisa ukuthi isihlungi sikawoyela siyathululwa lapho injini icishiwe.
ye-cartridge
Okwesibili, sinezihlungi zamafutha i-cartridge. Bane-cartridge yokuhlunga okuyingxenye okufanele siyishintshe ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho sishintsha uwoyela. I-casing ngokwayo kufanele ihlanzwe futhi ibuyiselwe njengoba yayinjalo, ngakho-ke indlela yokushintsha lesi sihlungi ihluka kancane mayelana nezihlungi zikawoyela ezivikelwe.
Izihlungi ze-Cartridge azinayo i-valve yokudlula njengezihlungi ze-armored, njengoba i-valve eshiwo itholakala engxenyeni engashintshi yesici sokuhlunga nokuthi akushintshwanga lapho kwenziwa ukulungisa. Lezi zihlungi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinjinini zikaphethiloli, kepha uhlobo ngalunye lunezintandokazi zalo kulokhu.
Ngokwendlela yakho yokuhlunga
Ngokucindezela noma ngomshini
Amafutha adlula engxenyeni yokuhlunga ngenxa yokucindezela injini enyakazisa ngayo kanye ne iphampu yamafutha. wakhe njalo ezimotweni ezivamile zabagibeli, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-cartridge noma i-armored. Ukuze kungabi nezinkinga lapho kuvalwa ukungcola okuningi, ine-valve ye-bypass eshiwo ngenhla. Uma idlula ingcindezi ethile, ibuyisela amafutha kusekethe ukuze kuvinjwe ingxenye yokuhlunga ukuthi ingaphuki noma ikhishwe, ivumele zonke izinhlayiya ezivaleleke ukuba zidlule ngaphambi kokuba zivale. Okungalimaza kakhulu injini.
Nge-centrifugation
Njengoba igama labo libonisa, basebenzisa i- amandla e-centrifugal ukudlulisa izinhlayiya eziyingozi ohlangothini lwesihlungi. Lezi zihlungi ngokuvamile ziyizihlungi ze-cartridge njengoba zidinga kuphela ukuthi isihlungi sishintshwe lapho siqoqe ukungcola okuningi. Kwamanye amamodeli kungenzeka futhi ukuhlanza isihlungi futhi esikhundleni saso.
Nge-sedimentation
Lezi zihlungi zamafutha yizona ezilula kakhulu. Zisekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi izinhlayiya ezizohlungwa ngokuvamile zisinda kunawoyela ngokwawo. Ngakho-ke zizovame ukufakwa nge-sedimentation ku-a idiphozithi etholakala ngezansi.
nge-magnetism
Lolu hlobo lwesihlungi samafutha engavamile ukusetshenziswa kumamotho, ngoba kungumthwalo wemfanelo kuphela wokukhipha izinhlayiya zensimbi, ezikhishwe ekungqubuzaneni phakathi kwezingcezu. Ngalesi sizathu ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezingakhiqizi ezinye izinto ezingcolisa umzimba njengama-gearbox anamafutha awo.
nge-pyrolysis
Awavamisile ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni ezijwayelekile. Zijwayeleke kakhulu emishinini yezimboni. Baqeda izinsalela ukuthi kukhona ukumiswa emafutheni ne lokushisa lenyuka. Okungukuthi, ngendlela efanayo namahhavini ane-pyrolysis yokuhlanza ingaphakathi lawo.
Kuye ngempahla yesici sokuhlunga
Ephepheni
Ziyizinto eziphilayo kakhulu, nakuba lokho akusho ukuthi akudingekile ukuba ziyiswe ku-a iphuzu elihlanzekile, ngenxa yobuningi bemfucumfucu enobuthi abake bayisebenzisa. Kumayelana a papel ngezinga elithile le-porosity, icindezelwe y i-accordion egoqiwe.
Zokwenziwa
Izihlungi ezenziwe nge-a Isici sesihlungi sokwenziwa bayakwazi ukuhlunga izinhlayiya ezincane eziyingozi ngoba izimbotshana zabo zincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho le nto ingahlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokwehliswa isithunzi. Okungasho ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuvinjwa yimfucuza.
ngama-microcrystals
Izihlungi zikawoyela ezinesici sokuhlunga ezenziwe ngamakristalu amancane zinjalo ekwazi ukususa izinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu. Zisetshenziswa ezinjinini ukuphela okuphezulu, okuyinto ngentengo yabo engakwazi futhi kufanele ibe nezingxenye zekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu. Ngabo, amafutha ahlala esesimweni esihle isikhathi eside.
Ingabe ukungcola okudingeka kuhlungwe kuvelaphi?
Amafutha ehla ngokwemvelo ngezinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lenjini. Kodwa futhi ukuthi amafutha angena ngamanani amancane ku amagumbi omlilo. Okuthile okujwayelekile uma kubhekwa ukuthi kumele igcobe ipiston ingena iphuma kuyo ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingxenye yamafutha iyasha futhi ikhiqize ukungcola okuncane eziqongelelayo. I intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuthi ezinye izimoto eziphumayo kuwuphawu lokuthi uwoyela omningi ushiswa ngale ndlela.
Amafutha nawo alulaza futhi akhiqize izinhlayiya nge izingcindezi eziphezulu namazinga okushisa okujwayelekile kokungqubuzana kwezingxenye ezithile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ukungqubuzana kukhulu kakhulu futhi ngaphandle kokugcoba okulungile, bayaphuma izinhlayiya zensimbi. Izihlungi zikawoyela zemoto kumele zikunakekele konke lokhu yingakho kumele kukhethwe uhlobo olufanele kumodeli ngayinye. Akekho owazi kangcono kunabakhiqizi ukuthi yisiphi isisefo esifanele injini ngayinye, u-gearbox nanoma iyiphi enye ingxenye. Benziwe izivivinyo lapho bekwazile ukubona ukuthi iyiphi imfucuza edaliwe nokuthi iyiphi indlela engcono yokuyilahla.