I-Los multi-jet izinjini bangumjovo oqondile kanye nezinjini ezijwayelekile zikadizili wesitimela kwaFiat-Chrysler (manje osekuyiStellantis). Zibuye zibizwe ngezinjini ze-JTD., isifinyezo sayo esimele i-Jet Turbo Diesel.
Igama elithi Multijet lisho ubuchwepheshe ababuhlanganisayo nabangaphambi kwabo, i-Unijet. Izinjini ze-Multijet, ngeSpanishi Multichorro, ziyi ekwazi ukujova uphethiloli izikhathi eziningi ngokufanayo umjikelezo wokucindezela.
Yiziphi izimoto ezisebenzisa izinjini zeMultijet
Yize abakwaFiat baziwa kakhulu kodwa lolu hlobo lwenjini ziye zasetshenziswa futhi zasetshenziswa amabhrendi amaningi. Ngasohlangothini lweFiat, izinjini zeMultijet zitholakala ezimotweni ze Alfa Romeo, Fiat y Lancia.
Ohlangothini lweChrysler, amamodeli we Jeep, Maserati, Amaloli weRam futhi ungumnikazi Chrysler Baphinde baphathe lobu buchwepheshe. Ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-Fiat-Chrysler Group kanye ne-PSA Group, ukuze kwakhiwe i-Stellantis, ezinye izinjini ze-PSA zaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-JTD.
Akuwona wonke amabhrendi avela negama le-Multijet. Kwezinye livela negama elithi JTD, njengoba kwenzeka ku-Alfa Romeo. Kwezinye, i-Diesel imane ikhonjiswe eduze kwegama lemodeli, njengoba kwenzeka kuMaserati. Ungabona futhi lawa ma-motor kumabhrendi afana anti, Suzuki, isihlalo o Ford, ngenxa yezivumelwano zokukhiqiza ne-Fiat Chrysler.
Akufanele futhi sikhohlwe ukuthi izinjini zeMultijet zinezingxenye ezimbalwa ukuthuthukiswa kwazo okuyiGeneral Motors (GM). Kwenzekani ngesikhathi kudlalwa ukuhlanganiswa kwaleli qembu, okwagcina kubhuntshile. Ngakho-ke i-GM nayo inemikhiqizo efana nayo I-Chevrolet, I-Saab, I-Opel y Cadillac nge Multijet noma Multijet II izinjini.
Iyini injini ye-Multijet?
Un Injini ye-multijet noma i-multijet Kuyinjini esebenzisa indlela eqondile yokujova uphethiloli. Leli gama elisetshenziswa yiqembu lakwaFiat-Chrysler ukusho izinjini zayo ze-Common-Rail direct injection turbodiesel. Okusho ukuthi, ukuvela kwesistimu ye-Unijet. Isistimu enomjovo oqondile nama-multivalves futhi enegunya lobunikazi nophawu lwentengiso lwe-Multijet yilo leli qembu lezimoto. Abanye abakhiqizi bakubiza ngokuhlukile.
Isebenza kanjani injini ye-multijet?
Njengoba igama layo lisho, i-Multijet noma i-"multi-jet", ama-injection alezi zinjini ayakwazi ukujova ama-pulses amaningi kadizili esikhundleni seyodwa nje ende. Futhi, iyunithi yokulawula iyakwazi ukulungisa inombolo nobude bemijovo kuye ngezidingo zenjini. Kucatshangelwa idatha efana ne-torque efunwa nge-accelerator pedal, ama-revolution kanye nezinga lokushisa. Imuphi umthamo owodwa owengeziwe ku-a umjovo we-elekthronikhi okuyisisekelo.
Ukufeza lokhu, amakhono we- ibhodi lokushintsha zikhudlwana ukuze zikwazi ukuphatha umjovo wenjini ye-Multijet. Nakuba lokhu Akuyona into ehlukile kubo, ngoba imijovo kaphethiloli eminingi iyabonakala nakwezinye izinjini zikadizili, njengoba kwenzeka kumaTDI eVolkswagen Group.
Futhi umfutho kaphethiloli udinga ukuba phezulu kakhulu sibonga a iphampu yomfutho ophezulu. Aphakathi kuka-1.400 no-1.600 amabha ezinjinini ezisanda kuthuthukiswa futhi kufika ku-2.000 noma amabha angu-2.500 ezinjinini zamanje ze-Multijet (Multijet III). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuqhuma kukaphethiloli kwenzeka ngezikhawu ze-microsecond eziyi-150. Okusho ukuthi, imizuzwana engu-0.00015.
Izinzuzo ze-Multijet
Ongakhumbuli a udizili wezimoto Eminyakeni engu-20 edlule. Babebanga umsindo njengogandaganda, babebhema, kunzima ukuwaqalisa lapho kubanda, njll. Well, nge injini efanayo, kuphela indlela lapho sijova uphethiloli nge umjovo oqondile kanye nesitimela esivamile.
Ngalokhu, kuzuzwa ukuthi izinjini eziyi-100 CV kanye ne-125 CV, ziye ku-115, 140 noma 150 CV eyodwa kanye ne-150, 175 noma 200 CV enye. Ngaphezu kwe ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa phakathi kuka-15% no-20%, nciphisa umsindo 30%, 5% ngaphezulu ngesivinini esiphezulu futhi ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 8%.
Uma kubanda, kuthanda ukuncishiswa kwezikhathi zokuqala, umsindo kanye nentuthu. Ngokuqhubekayo, kuyathandeka ukutholakala kwe-torque nokunwebeka.
Njengokwengeza, uhlelo lomjovo lulula ngoba inani lezingxenye liyancipha. Eqenjini lakwaFiat bayakwazi ukuzuza lokhu, ngelabo Uhlelo lomjovo we-Multijet.
Igxile ngokuningiliziwe ekunciphiseni umsindo, i-Multijet system, okuyi- umzila wesitimela ojwayelekile wesizukulwane sesibili, yenza ukulawula nge-elekthronikhi kwama-injection ukwenza imijovo eminingi kumjikelezo wenjini ngamunye. Ukujwayelekile okukhulu kokusebenza kuhumusha ekuthuleni futhi ukugibela ukunethezeka. Ngakho-ke, ukusha ngakunye akubanga nomsindo futhi kudala umsindo omnandi.
Lokhu kuvumela ukuthola a ukuvutha okuphelele okwengeziwe. Ukushiswa kancane kancane, okuphelele nokufanayo kuhumusha ebudlelwaneni obuhle kakhulu phakathi kokusebenza, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokukhipha umoya. Iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi ilawula inombolo, isikhala kanye nezinga lokugeleza lomjovo ngamunye ngokuya ngezinhloso ezimisiwe.
Ngakho ngiyazi ithanda lokhu konga kanye ne-ecologyikakhulukazi ngesivinini esingaguquki. Phela, lokhu kwamsebenzela ngaleso sikhathi ukuze afinyelele izinga le-Euro 4 ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i- isihlungi sezinhlayiyana.
Konke lokhu, siyaphinda, kufinyelelwa ngenxa yokuvela kweyunithi yokulawula kanye nama-injection okwamanje avumela imijovo ukuba yenziwe ngesikhathi esifushane. kufika kuma-microseconds angu-150.
Izibonelo zezinjini ze-Multijet
El 1.0 injini enamasilinda amathathu, eyakhiwe yi-GM futhi ebizwa nge-Smartech Diesel, inobuchwepheshe be-Multijet, nakuba singazange siyibone eSpain. I 1.3 I-Multijet, ebizwa nge-Small Diesel Engine (SDE), iyi-four-cylinder futhi ingesinye isibonelo esihle se-Multijet yokuqala.
Ezinye izibonelo yilezi 1.6 I-Multijet ezine-cylinder ukuthi esikhundleni 1,9 8-valve, the 1.9 amasilinda amane ku-L, the 2.0 I-Multijet II esevele ehlanganisa ukuthuthuka okuningana njengokucindezela komjovo okuphezulu, i 2.2 I-Multijet II, the 2.3, the 2,4, the 2.8 futhi i 3.0 V6 Multijet II. Ngisho noyedwa oqanjwe igama I-Twin Turbo ukuze zome, ezisebenzise imikhiqizo efana ne-Lancia, i-Cadillac noma i-Saab kumamodeli ezinzuzo ezithile.
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, igama le-Multijet alishiwongo kuzo zonke izinhlobo namamodeli, kodwa ngaphakathi ziyizinjini ezinalobu buchwepheshe, ngokwazo noma ngesengezo esiqondene nomkhiqizi ngamunye.
Umlando omfushane wezinjini ze-Multijet
Umanduleli wakhe, u i-unijet, ibone ukukhanya nge-Alfa Romeo 156 JTD phakathi 1997. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyisithupha (2003) kwavela i-multijet yokuqala ukushintsha le njini, ngokuqhubeka phambili kokukwazi ukujova uphethiloli izikhathi eziningana kuyo ngayinye umjikelezo wenjini enemivimbo emine, esikhundleni selilodwa nje. Ekuqaleni yaqanjwa ngokuthi i-JTD-M.
En 2009 isizukulwane sesibili sakhululwa (Multijet II) nangaphakathi 2014 okwesithathu (I-Multijet III). Nakuba eyokugcina ibigcinelwe kuphela izinhlobo zeFiat Chrysler Automobiles.
Ngifuna eyodwa ukuthi intengo