Umjaho wokuhudula uwumdlalo wezimoto othokozisayo odume kakhulu e-US, kodwa uthando lwabahlali abangabodwa lweqe imingcele futhi. A i-dragster wuhlobo lwemoto engaziwa abaningi, kodwa ukuthi ngokungangabazeki kuyajabulisa futhi kufanele wazi ezinye zezimfihlo zayo zalezi zenzakalo eziye zaphela kabuhlungu ezikhathini eziningi.
Kuwuhlobo lomncintiswano wezimoto lapho izimoto ezimbili zigijima zilandelana umugqa oqondile kusukela ekuqaleni okumile kuya entanjeni. Izimoto ziqhudelana zibe ngezokuqala ukuwela entanjeni futhi zisheshe kakhulu. Kuyinto elula, okungukuthi, eyodwa-on-one lapho kuphela ukusheshisa imoto okubalulekile. Yingakho belula kakhulu, imishini ye-aerodynamic enezinjini ezinamandla kakhulu. Meyi ijubane ifinyelele ku-480 km/h ngaphansi kwemizuzwana emi-5, ukubhebhana nezilwane...
Yini i-dragster?
Un udrako iyimoto eyakhelwe inhloso enomzimba we-aerodynamic ekwazi ukwethula umugqa wokudonsa ngesivinini esingaphezu kwamamayela angu-300 ngehora (>480 km/h) ngaphansi kwamasekhondi amahlanu. Nokho, idragster ingaphezu kwemoto ekwazi ukuhamba ngesivinini, njengoba yakhelwe ngqo umjaho wokudonsa. Amadragster alula kakhulu, anohlaka oluncane kakhulu nama-chassis rails. Anikwa amandla injini eshajwe kakhulu engakhiqiza izinkulungwane zamandla amahhashi. abadonsayo zakhelwe into eyodwa: hamba ngokushesha. Banamandla anele kanye nokusheshisa ukudlula noma iyiphi enye imoto emzileni wokudonsa. Lena imishini eshuniwe eklanywe kucatshangwa nge-aerodynamics ukunciphisa ukudonsa, nokho ngokuphathwa okuyinhlekelele nokuzinza, okuphinde kube yingxenye ye-adrenaline kanye nengozi yale miqhudelwano…
I-Las Imijaho yokuhudula ibibanjwe e-US., nakuba amasosha e-NATO nawo awangenisa eYurophu ngesikhathi seMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Imijaho ebalulekile yahlelwa e-United Kingdom, phakathi kwezinye izindawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-FIA ihlela ubuqhawe bezigaba ezifana ne-Top Fuel, i-Top Methanol Dragster, i-Top Methanol Funny Car, i-Pro Modified ne-Pro Stock. Futhi i-FIM Europe ihlela umcimbi ofanayo wezithuthuthu kumathrekhi wokusheshisa...
Izici zobuchwepheshe
Okungukuthi, a udrako Empeleni isihlalo esisodwa esine:
- Ama-chassis rails enziwe nge-aluminium noma enye insimbi elula njenge-titanium. Ezinye zingase zenziwe nge-fiberglass noma i-carbon fiber.
- I-chassis iklanywe ngezinga lokuguquguquka elivumela imoto ukuthi ibambe kangcono imithelela futhi ivimbele imoto ekubeni i-projectile eyingozi kwabanye abashayeli noma kumshayeli ngokwakhe.
- Ingxenye engaphambili ye-dragster igcina isiteringi, namasondo anobukhulu obuncane kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile agcina endaweni yokunciphisa ukudonsa noma ukumelana ne-aerodynamic.
- Ingemuva lihlala injini yemoto, umehluko kanye nokudlulisa. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo ze-dragster ziyakwazi ukuyibeka ngaphambili, futhi zibe ne-front-wheel drive.
- Injini ye-dragster ngokuvamile iyinjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ene-supercharged eshisa i-nitrogen. Ezikhathini eziningi awaphakelwa ngophethiloli ovamile noma udizili, kodwa ezinye izinto zokubasa ezinikeza amandla amakhulu ziyasetshenziswa, njenge-methanol.
- Amandla amanye amamodeli angawathuthukisa angadlula ama-CV ayi-10.000.
- Amathayi aku-asili yangemuva, lapho kuxhunywa khona, ngokuvamile anobukhulu obukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namathayi angaphambili.
- Lezi zimoto ezinamasondo amane zivame ukuba ne-wheelbase enkulu.
- Ngokuvamile zihamba amakhilomitha amane, cishe amamitha angu-402.25 ebanga emzileni.
- Kulelo banga bavame ukufinyelela isivinini esingaphezu kuka-500 km/h.
- Ukuze ubhuleke ngokushesha, ipharashuthi ivamise ukusetshenziswa ehlisa isivinini kakhulu uma ifakwa ngemuva kwemoto, njengamabhanoyi ezempi.
Amandla nesivinini sedragster
Ama-Dragster aklanyelwe into eyodwa kuphela: shesha ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ufinyelele isivinini esikhulu ngesikhathi esifushane. I-chassis elula kakhulu kanye nenjini ephezulu yamahhashi yenza okunye. Le mishini ingafinyelela isivinini esingafika ku-300 Mph ngaphansi kwemizuzwana emi-5 yesikhathi. Abanye baze bakwazi ukunqamula umgoqo womsindo emhlabeni, okuyinto ehlaba umxhwele ngempela. Yingakho bahlonyiswe nge- uhlelo olubizwa ngokuthi "dreadnought", okwehlisa umsindo lapho bephula lowo mgoqo njengezindiza.
Izinhlobo zama-dragsters
Phakathi kwe izinhlobo ze-dragster ezikhona singazihlukanisa:
- ama-wheel drive angaphambili: amadrag anenjini ebekwe ngaphambili emotweni. Lolu hlobo lwe-dragster lusethubeni eliphezulu lokuphotha kusaqala umjaho ngenxa yokuthi isisindo siya phambili emotweni. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi "idragster yangemuva enenjini" ingakwazi "ukuphotha", ikakhulukazi uma imoto inomehluko omkhulu kakhulu.
- Amadonsa anenjini yangemuva: Ziwuhlobo lwendabuko lwe-dragster, enenjini etholakala ngemuva emotweni. Lolu hlobo lwe-dragster lunesisindo esengeziwe ngemuva kwemoto, okunikeza ukudonsa okungcono ekuqaleni. Iphinde ibe namathuba amancane okuphenduka, kwazise injini iqhelelene namasondo okushayela.
- amadonsa enjini angaphambili: Okuphinde kubizwe ngokuthi "injini emaphakathi" abadonsayo, banenjini etholakala maphakathi nemoto. Lolu hlobo lwe-dragster luvamise ukuba lukhuni kunamadragsta anenjini yangemuva, kodwa asashesha kakhulu futhi akwazi isivinini esikhulu.
Hudula Izisekelo Zomjaho
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene umjaho wokuhudula, futhi ngayinye yazo inemithetho yayo. Imijaho yokukhuthazela yiyona evame kakhulu. Kulolu hlobo lomjaho, abadonsa kanzima ababili bancintisana ngamakhanda nowinile emzuliswaneni ngamunye eqhubekela kolandelayo aze ahlulwe. Olunye uhlobo oluvamile lomjaho wokuhudula lubizwa ngokuthi umjaho wokuqala wokuma, futhi uyifomethi ethi "one on one". Lolu hlobo lomjaho wokuhudula luvamise ukwenziwa ngenani elikhulu lezimoto emzileni wokuhudula owethulwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, kube nemoto eshesha kakhulu ethola ukuqhubekela emzuliswaneni olandelayo.
I-Las ukusekela izinhlanga futhi uphume izinhlanga ukuma yizibonelo ezimbili zomjaho wamakhanda. Kulolu hlobo lomjaho, umhuduli ngamunye uqhudelana newashi, ngokuvamile anezela isikhathi esidlulile sokuba izimoto ezimbili ngemva komjaho zinqume owinile. Olunye uhlobo lomjaho wokuhudula umjaho wamakhanda, okufana nomjaho wabakaki, owinile kuphela odlulela emzuliswaneni olandelayo eqhudelana nomgijimi olandelayo.
Umjaho wokuhudula, ngokwemvelo yawo, bawumdlalo oyingozi. Abaqhudelana nabo bavame ukuphusha izimoto zabo emikhawulweni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi beqe leyo mikhawulo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu emjahweni wokuhudula. Izimoto ezisetshenziswa emijahweni yokudonsa zinamandla kakhulu, kodwa futhi zilula kakhulu. Abashayeli bezindiza bagqoka izigqoko zokuzivikela, amabhande ezihlalo, nezingubo ezingashi ukuze bagweme ukulimala uma kwenzeka ingozi. Amathrekhi ngokwawo aklanywe ngokuphepha njengokubaluleke kakhulu.
ukuphepha komjaho wokudonsa
Akunakuphikwa ukuthi umjaho wokudonsa unjalo umdlalo oyingozi. Izimoto zinamandla futhi abashayeli baziphusha baze bafinyelele umkhawulo, indawo encane futhi imigoqo iseduze kakhulu. Akuvamile ukubona indlela abavame ukuba nezingozi ngayo noma bawelele komunye umzila, ngezinye izikhathi bagcine ngokufa kabuhlungu njengoba kubonakala kuyo yonke imisebenzi yezemidlalo. Kodwa ngenhlanhla abashayeli bezindiza basebenzisa uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokuphepha ukugwema izingozi:
- Abashayeli bezindiza bagqoka izigqoko zokuzivikela.
- Lezi zimoto zine-roll cage eyakhelwe ukuzivikela uma kwenzeka ingozi.
- Abashayeli bezindiza baphinde babophe amabhande.
- Lezi zimoto zifakwe amapharashuthi azisiza ukuthi zehlise ijubane uma ziqeda ukugijima.
Ukubaluleka
Isasasa lemijaho yokudonsa liqhamuka emzweni wamandla nesivinini umshayeli aba nawo uma eqhudelana namanye amaqembu, futhi lokho nakho. ukufinyelela umphakathi. Ukuhlola isivinini nekhono lapho umshayeli ezama khona ukwehla ethrekhi ngokushesha okukhulu, kuyilapho eqinisekisa ukuthi uyalilawula futhi akaphuli imithetho. Kuyinto ejabulisayo ukuba ngemuva kwesondo le-dragster enamandla njengoba ihlukumeza ithrekhi endleleni yayo eya esikhathini esisheshayo, futhi abalandeli bayo bakhulu emazweni afana ne-US, kodwa futhi ikhula ngokuduma kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba. futhi. , ikakhulukazi eYurophu.
Kuyivelakancane ukubona umjaho wokudonsana kanje ungekho isigameko, into futhi ethokozisayo kubalandeli, inqobo nje uma umshayeli wendiza engeke ahlupheke, kunjalo. Kodwa ukubona ithonya lemoto kulezo zivinini futhi kuqhume izingcezu zomsebenzi womzimba nezinye izingcezu kuhlala kukhanga.
Izinhlanga zokudonsa zikhona omunye ethandwa kakhulu motor sports. Yingakho sebephile amashumi eminyaka, selokhu baqala ngeminyaka yawo-1920 e-US Kungalelo shumi leminyaka lapho bavela khona, nakuba bengazange badume kakhulu kwaze kwaba ngawo-1950, lapho kwasungulwa iNHRA. Umjaho wokuhudula usudume kakhulu eminyakeni yakamuva, ikakhulukazi e-United States. Imijaho eminingi yokuhudula isakazwa kuthelevishini kulezi zinsuku, eye yasiza ekwandiseni udumo lwayo kumakadebona kanye naphakathi kwababukeli abancane…