El amafutha ungomunye uketshezi okubaluleke kakhulu emotweni yethu naye esiqandisini. Kubalulekile ukuthi ubuyekeze isimo sayo kanye namazinga ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze buyisela uma kunesidingo. Kodwa-ke, okokugcoba kwemoto kubaluleke kakhulu njengalowo ophethe ukuyisa lapho edingeka khona. Lowo ngumsebenzi wephampu kawoyela yenjini.
Uma ihluleka ukwenza umsebenzi wayo ngendlela efanele, ngenxa yokuphuka noma ukuntuleka kukawoyela, injini ingase iphazamiseke kakhulu njengalokhu okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi. umkhuhlane. Izingcezu ezibalulekile njenge izibhamu, the i-camshaft noma i i-crankshaft kufanele zigcotshwe unomphela, ukuze zingagcini ziwohloka zidale ukuwohloka okumba eqolo nokuyinkimbinkimbi ukulungisa.
Ukusebenza kwephampu kawoyela
Uma injini icishiwe, amafutha awela ku- sump ngesenzo samandla adonsela phansi, ngakho izingxenye azinawo ukugcoba okudingekile. Lapho nje injini iqalwa, iphampu kawoyela iqala ukusebenza imunca uwoyela ku-crankcase futhi iwayisa phezulu enjinini. Ukusuka lapho isatshalaliswa kuzo zonke izimbobo ezidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ingxenye yayo ngayinye igcotshwe ngamafutha.
Ngokusebenzisa iphampu kawoyela ukugeleza njalo nokucindezela kugcinwa kulo lonke i-lubrication circuit. Esimeni sokuba nengcindezi engaphezu kwalokho okufanele, ine- i-valve yokukhipha okunesibopho sokudambisa ingcindezi.
Iphampu yamafutha ngokuvamile iqhutshwa yi- Ibhande lesikhathi futhi hhayi ngenxa ibhande elisizayo, enakekela ezinye izinhlelo ezifana nepompo yokuqondisa, isimo somoya, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile itholakala ngaphakathi kwe-crankcase, icwiliswe emafutheni ngokwawo.
Ukuhluleka kwephampu kawoyela
Uma kukhona iphutha empompini yamafutha, into evamile kakhulu ukuthi eyesabekayo isibani sesexwayiso sephutha lenjini ku-instrumentation yemoto. Njengoba kuyingxenye ebalulekile, kunjalo ifakwe izinzwa ezidingekayo kanye nemitshina ukubona ukuthi iyasebenza noma cha. Ngaphandle kwalokho besizosebenzisa imoto singazi ukuthi siyilimaza kakhulu ngenxa yokungabi nawo okokugcoba.
Njengoba uzokwazi ukubona ekuqhekekeni esizokubalula, ukwehluleka kwepompo likawoyela Ngokuvamile kungenxa yokungasebenzi kahle noma ukuphuka kwezinye izingxenye. wemoto. Imvamisa into ethembeke kakhulu ukuthi uma ihluleka iyodwa, ivamise ukuba sezimoto ezindala kakhulu.
Ukuntuleka komfutho wamafutha
Injini ithola uwoyela ngengcindezi encane kunesidingo, ngakho-ke izogcotshwa kabi ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa amaphutha afana ukuvuza kwamafutha endaweni ethile kumjikelezo noma yi- imvume okwenzeka kwezinye izingxenye zenjini. Icala lokuqala lizogcina liqashelwe ukwehla kwezinga likawoyela ngendlela esheshayo.
Ukucindezela ngokweqile emafutheni
Injini ithola uwoyela ngomfutho ongaphezu kwesidingo, ngakho izoba nokugcotshwa okweqile. Lokhu ngokuvamile kubangelwa amafutha amaningi ku-crankcase noma ngaye ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve. Kuye injini lokhu kungabangela uwoyela ngokweqile ku amagumbi omlilo, nomphumela wokushiswa kukawoyela ngokweqile kanye nezinkinga zokukhishwa kwe- intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukushintsha uwoyela nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. njengomkhiqizo womkhiqizi. Uma singenzi ngale ndlela, iphampu yamafutha ingalimala kancane kancane, okungabangela izinkinga zesikhathi eside nemiphumela emibi.
ukuvala isifunda
Ngokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwenjini, kukhiqizwa izinhlayiya ezingavala isifunda noma iphampu yamafutha ngokwayo. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe- isihlungi samafutha noma ngokuwohloka kwanoma iyiphi ingxenye engumshini lapho ucezu luye lwahlukaniswa khona.
Uma iphampu kawoyela idinga ukushintshwa, intengo ingase Ibanga phakathi kwama-euro angama-200 kuye kwangama-800, kuye ngokwenziwa, imodeli nohlobo lwenjini. Njengoba sesinitshelile, imvamisa itholakala ngaphakathi kwe-crankcase, kodwa ingabekwa kwezinye izindawo okungafinyeleleki kalula kuzo, ezidinga amahora engeziwe okusebenza endaweni yokusebenzela.
ukunakekelwa kwephampu kawoyela
Njengazo zonke izingxenye zenjini, isimo sayo esihle kuncike kakhulu ekutheni ezinye izingxenye zisesimweni esihle. Kulesi simo, ukuze iphampu yamafutha isebenze kahle kuyo yonke impilo yemoto, kubalulekile ukushintsha amafutha kanye nesihlungi sayo ngesikhathi esinconywa umenzi. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, izinhlayiya ezikhiqizwa ngokusetshenziswa kwamafutha zizogcina zilimaze noma zivale ipompo.
Kunjalo, gcina amafutha emazingeni afanele Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi, hhayi ngoba ipompo izophuka uma ingenawo amafutha anele, kodwa ngoba ngeke ikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo ngempumelelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuntuleka kwe-lubricant kuzobonakala kakhulu kumajika ane-inertia eningi, ngoba amafutha azonamathela ohlangothini olulodwa lwe-crankcase futhi iphampu izoyeka ukuthola amafutha imizuzwana embalwa.
kufanele kube yizinga lengcindezi imoto esebenzayo engu-1.6 aveo okufanele ibe nayo, ingenzi lutho futhi yashesha kamuva, ngicela uma ungangisiza ngalokho, ngiyabonga
Sanibonani, imoto ibinowoyela wakwaShell ozoshintsha ku-5000 10000 km, manje sengisebenzisa uwoyela wokwenziwa ukushintsha ku-XNUMX XNUMX km, lokhu kungabangela ukulimala emotweni esikhathini esifushane noma eside.
Ulwazi oluhle kakhulu olunikezwe kule sayithi, olunemininingwane eminingi, luyaqondakala futhi luwusizo kakhulu