Kubukeka sengathi izinyathelo zokukhuthaza izimoto zikagesi kanye nciphisa ukuthengiswa kukadizili baba nomphumela. I-International Energy Agency ishicilele ucwaningo oluphetha ngokuthi ngo-2017 bese kunezingaphezu kwalokho izigidi ezintathu zikagesi kanye ne-plug-in hybrid izimoto emhlabeni wonke. Okungukuthi, a Ukukhula ngo-54% ngo-2016, unyaka okwakukhona kuwo izigidi ezimbili kuphela.
China ibhekene nengxenye enkulu yalokhu kukhula, izwe lapho cishe Izimoto ezingu-580.000 zalezi zici. Ku United States kube nokunyuka okukhulu kokudayiswa kwezimoto zikagesi, nge cishe ukuthengiswa kwe-280.000. inombolo cishe okufanayo kuye kwabhaliswa eYurophu amazwe afana neNorway agqama kuwo, lapho u-39% wezimoto ezidayisiwe zisebenza ngogesi.
I-China ayiyona kuphela ehamba phambili ekuthengisweni kwezimoto zikagesi, futhi inesibopho sayo ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwenani lamabhasi nezithuthuthu zikagesi ezithengiswayo. Eqinisweni, u-99% wokuphakelwa komhlaba wonke kwalolu hlobo lwezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi uqondiswe eChina. I-Europe ne-India zingaphansi kakhulu kwe-Asian giant kulolu hlobo lwezokuthutha, kodwa isidingo siyanda.
Igrafu yokwanda kwezimoto zikagesi kusukela ngo-2013 kuya ku-2017
Ukukhula kwesidingo sezimoto zikagesi kanye nama-plug-in hybrids kuhambisana nokwenyuka ukushaja iziteshi. Ngo-2017 kwakukhona cishe Amashaja azimele ayizigidi ezi-3 ezindlini nasemabhizinisinikanye nxazonke 430.000 amashaja omphakathi. Izindaba ezinhle kubanikazi bezimoto zikagesi, noma ngabe ine-kodwa: kuphela ama-25% aleyo datha angamashaja asheshayo esitayela semoto. i-tesla supercharger noma lezo I-IONITY.
Ama-hybrids kagesi nama-plug-in e-Spain
Ukuthengiswa kwamahybrids kagesi nama-plug-in e-Spain akunaso isisindo esanele sokuvela ngokwazo kudatha yombiko womhlaba we-International Energy Agency. Nokho, njengoba kubikwe iBusiness Association for the Development and Promotion of Electric Vehicles (AEDIVE), ngesikhathi sika-2017 ukudayiswa kwalezi zimoto sekuphelele Amayunithi we-13.021. Ngokukhethekile, ukubhaliswa kukagesi okumsulwa okungu-9.671 kanye nama-hybrid plug-in angu-3.350.
Idatha yenhlangano ihlanganisa kokubili ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezizimele nezentengiso zanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Kodwa uma sibheka kuphela izimoto zabagibeli nezimoto ezilula zokuhweba ukuthengiswa sekufinyelelwe 8.588 ukubhaliswa. Okungukuthi, a I-0,69% yenani eliphelele ye-parquet phakathi nalowo nyaka yayingamayunithi ayi-1.241.540.
Mayelana nedatha eqoqwe kuze kube manje kulo nyaka, Kuze kube nguMeyi 2018, sekuthengisiwe izimoto zikagesi ne-plug-in hybrid eziyi-4.371. singabali ama-mopeds nezithuthuthu. Lokhu kumele ukukhula ngo-112% kowokuqala kanye no-130% kokugcina uma kuqhathaniswa nowezi-2017.
Amabhodlela wezinto zebhethri
Isidingo sezimoto zikagesi kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke sikhula esikhathini esizayo emhlabeni wonke, ngakho ucwaningo olwenziwa yi-International Energy Agency luxwayisa ngokuthi kuzodingeka izinto ezintsha ezisetshenziswayo nobuchwepheshe. Ngokuqondile i ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwe-cobalt izodala izinkinga zokuhlinzeka, ngoba uma iqhubeka kanje, isidingo sale elementi izophindaphindeka phakathi kuka-10 no-25 izikhathi ngo-2030.
Okufanayo kuzokwenzeka nge-lithium, izinto ezibalulekile zamabhethri amaningi akhiqizwa ngamamodeli akamuva. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwe yi-International Energy Agency, lokhu kungenxa yokwanda okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kwalesi sici izimoto ezithwala kanzima. Isibonelo, emalolini afana ne- I-Tesla Semi Truck, ezofika emakethe ngo-2019 noma U-Nikola One no-Nikola Amaloli amabili.
Izibikezelo zekusasa lezimoto zikagesi
Ngokwezibikezelo zale nhlangano, ngo-2030 kungase kube nezimoto zikagesi ne-plug-in hybrid eziyizigidi ezingu-125, uma izitayela zamanje nezinqubomgomo ezihleliwe ziqala ukusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izinjongo zohlelo lwe-EV30@30 zifinyelelwa (30% wezimoto zikagesi ezithengiswa ngo-2030), inani lamamodeli kagesi zingafinyelela ku-220 million zamayunithi alolo suku. Lolu hlelo luzodinga izinyathelo ezinamandla zokulwa nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, okuthi nakuba zingasekelwa ngazwi linye emazweni omhlaba, sezizwakale izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa emazweni amaningana. Ngokwesibonelo, i ukuvinjelwa kwamaShayina ekuthengisweni kwezimoto ezintsha izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi.
Imikhiqizo ngokwayo iyahamba ngendlela efanayo nezinguquko okuhloswe ngazo ikakhulukazi ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinjini zikadizili. Kunezimo ezimbalwa ezibonisa lo mkhuba: IFiat Chrysler imemezele lokho izosusa udizili kulo lonke uhla lwayo kumamodeli asuka ku-2022, abakwaHonda bazoyeka ukukhiqiza nokudayiswa kwe-diesel Insight kulo lonke elaseYurophu kanti iPorsche izokhipha amayunithi asebenzisa udizili kumamodeli ayo abalulekile, ukuze ikwazi ukugxila. kuma-hybrids nakagesi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iSubaru izohoxisa ukukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwezimoto zikadizili ngo-2020, KwaToyota bazoyeka ukudayisa izimoto ezinawo lowo mafutha e-Europe ekupheleni kuka-2018 futhi iVolvo ayizange igcine ngokumemezela ngo-2017 ukuthi izoyeka ukukhiqiza izinjini zikadizili kodwa lokho uzokwenza okufanayo ngophethiloli Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa. Inhloso yayo ukuthi zonke izimoto zayo zibe sezifakwe ugesi omkhulu noma omncane ngo-2025.
Ngokungangabazeki, izimoto zikagesi ziyisixazululo sokuma kuye kuphethiloli, futhi kungcono nakakhulu uma siguqula izimoto ezivuthayo zamanje ngezindleko ezithengekayo. ISpain namuhla inethuba lokuthuthukisa izinkampani ezishintshayo eziphakathi nezincane. Lokhu ngenqubo yokuguqula izimoto zamanje zibe ezikagesi. Futhi lokho ukuthuthukiswa kwe-R&D yasendaweni. Sekunezimoto ezingu-650 eziguqulelwe kukagesi eLatin America nezingaphezu kuka-250 eMexico kuphela. Ngenzuzo yesigamu sezindleko zemoto yefektri kagesi kanye nokusetshenziswa kukagesi okuphindwe kahlanu kunophethiloli. Asikho isikhathi esingachithwa, lokhu sekusetshenziswe iminyaka engu-20 kwamanye amazwe. Inhlangano Yokuzikhulula. autolibre.blogspot.com