Udinga kangaki shintsha amafutha emoto? Empeleni, lokhu kuncike ezintweni eziningi. imininingwane efana ne- uhlobo lwamafutha asetshenzisiwe, the uhlobo lwenjini futhi i indlela imoto ehamba ngayo kuthinte ukuthi lo msebenzi wokulungisa kufanele wenziwe kangaki.
Ngaphambilini, emashumini amaningi eminyaka adlule, isincomo esijwayelekile kwakuwukwenza lokhu ukushintsha amafutha njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha, noma okungenani njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-5.000. Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe benjini kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamafutha anamandla kakhulu kusho ukuthi izinguquko zikawoyela manje sezenziwa kaningi. Kwamanye amamodeli sihamba amakhilomitha angama-30.000.
Ukuze uqonde konke esizokuchazela kona ngezansi futhi uqonde kangcono ukubaluleka kwamafutha enjini yemoto, ngisebenzisa isisho esivamile. Amafutha emoto anjengegazi lomuntu.. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunjalo okubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yenjini, kodwa umehluko obalulekile ukuthi umzimba wethu uwuhlanza ngokwawo. Kukhona isihlungi emotweni, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi akudingeki senze izinguquko futhi sibeke "igazi elisha enhliziyweni yemoto".
ukushintsha amafutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, kukhona abakhiqizi abatusa ukushintsha uwoyela njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kanti abanye bayasivumela ukuthi siwunwebe kuze kube yiminyaka emibili. Ngalo mqondo, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi, isibonelo, injini yemoto yezemidlalo ayifani neyemoto ethule, ukuvakasha okuvamile nokwamanje. Okunye okweqisayo okwezimoto ezindala.
Uwoyela wemoto wemoto esebenza kahle kakhulu kufanele ube nezici ezithile ukuze ugcobe ngendlela efanele ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu futhi umakhenikha ejika ngaphezu kuka-8.000 rpm. Ukuba nokusebenza okuphezulu okunjalo, kufanele kube nazo zonke izakhiwo zayo ku-100%, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzodala ukuwohloka okukhulu. Futhi yilokho, ngokusetshenziswa nesikhathi, okokugcoba kulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle kwayo.
Emotweni evamile sidinga uwoyela omuhle, kodwa izici zayo zihlukile futhi izomelana nokuhamba kwesikhathi kangcono kunasezintweni zokugcoba ezimotweni ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ezinezinjini ezivuselelayo kakhulu.
Endabeni izimoto zakudala, lapho izinjini zingacwengisisiwe kakhulu kunamanje futhi amafutha anekhwalithi yeminyaka yokukhanya kude nalawo amanje, kwakungeyona into emangalisayo ukubona ukuthi abanye abakhiqizi batusa ukuwashintsha njalo ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu. Yebo, bekufanele wenze okungenani izinguquko ezine zamafutha ngonyaka. Yiqiniso, intengo yelitha lamafutha ngalezo zinsuku yayiphansi kakhulu futhi cishe noma ubani wayengayishintsha ekhaya.
Uma sinemoto endala kangaka, singanweba izikhathi zomnqamulajuqu kancane isikhathi. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izinhlobo zezimoto benza izincomo zabo ngokusekelwe emafutheni angaleso sikhathi, ebekubi impela uma kuqhathaniswa namanje. Ikakhulukazi amafutha anamuhla awalahlekelwa ukusebenza kwawo kakhulu ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa noma ukuhamba kwesikhathi. Okusho ukuthi, uma emotweni kusukela ku-70s sanconywa ukuthi siyishintshe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, ngamafutha amanje singakwenza kanye ngonyaka.
ukushintsha uwoyela ngemayela
Njengesikhathi, lapho izincomo zokushintshwa ngekhilomitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke abakhiqizi bezinjini zokuthambisa basitshela ukuthi kufanele sizishintshe njalo ngeminyaka engu-X noma amakhilomitha angu-X, kuye ngokuthi ikuphi okuza kuqala. Kungaba minyaka yonke noma amakhilomitha angu-15.000, njalo eminyakeni emi-2 noma amakhilomitha angu-20.000, njalonjalo.
Njengasendabeni yesikhathi ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni, abakhiqizi bezimoto kanye nowoyela batusa inani eliphakeme lamakhilomitha kuye ngohlobo lwenjini uwoyela ohloselwe yona kanye nohlobo lokuthambisa esisebenzisana nalo. I-mineral oil ayinakho ukuqina okufanayo -ngesikhathi noma ngamakhilomitha - kuneyokwenziwa.
Namuhla sishaywe yimithetho eyayinikeza phambilini. Izigaba ezimbalwa ngenhla sishilo ukuthi emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule kwakudingeka sishintshe uwoyela emotweni - kuye ngokuthi imodeli- njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu. Manje kulula ukufunda izincomo zokushintshwa njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-25.000 noma angu-30.000. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakujwayelekile ukukwenza cishe ku-5.000.
Njengoba sike sasho esigabeni esandulele, kwezinye izikhathi umkhawulo wamakhilomitha unganwetshwa, ikakhulukazi uma sikhuluma ngawo. izimoto zakudala. Isibonelo, ezimotweni eziningi zama-90s, ukushintsha kwamafutha kwakuhlale kungaphansi kwamakhilomitha ayi-10.000. Imoto endala enamafutha amanje Ngeke ngibe nenkinga ukwelula lelo banga lamakhilomitha ngo-30 noma 40%. Yiqiniso, njalo ukukhuluma ukushayela evamile.
Uwoyela ushintsha ngokuya ngokushayela kanye nohlobo lokusetshenziswa
Ngokunengqondo, uwoyela wehla kakhulu noma ngaphansi kuye ngokusetshenziswa kwemoto. Uma senza amakhilomitha amaningi emgwaqeni esitebeleni futhi hhayi ngesivinini esikhulu kakhulu, amandla e-lubricant azogcinwa isikhathi eside kunalokho uma sisebenzisa imoto kuphela. ovilaphayo. Esimweni sokuqala singaselula kancane ngeziqinisekiso eziningi, kanti okwesibili kuhlale kuhle kakhulu ukufinyeza.
Ngendlela efanayo, uma sithanda ngempela ukugijima noma, ngokuqondile, singena kusekethe ngezikhathi ezithile ngemoto ukuze uthole okuningi kuyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola nokushintsha amafutha kanye nokuhlunga kaningi kakhulu. Uwoyela uhlukumezeka kakhulu kulezi zimo futhi injini idinga ukugcotshwa nokupholisa okuphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukucaphuna elinye icala elikhethekile, i ezimotweni eziphuma emgwaqeni abachitha isikhathi esiningi ensimini kumele nabo bafinyeze izikhathi ezibekiwe. Khumbula ukuthi kulezi zimo imizamo eminingi yemishini ivame ukuhlanganiswa ngesivinini esiphansi (ukupholisa kancane), ukusheshisa okuqinile, ukushelela, ukuthambekela kwe-lateral, ukusetshenziswa kwebhokisi le-gearbox... Uma lokho kuwukusetshenziswa, kufanelekile ukunciphisa isikhathi kanye namakhilomitha.
Ukushintsha kukawoyela kuye kuphethiloli (udizili noma uphethiloli)
Phambilini bekunomehluko owengeziwe phakathi kwemishini kadizili nekaphethiloli. Nakuba izinjini zikadizili zishintsha ngokushintshashintsha okuphansi kunezinjini zikaphethiloli, uphethiloli namagesi okwakhiqizwa kulemishini emashumini amathathu noma amane eminyaka edlule kwakungcolisa kakhulu futhi kungcolile ezinjinini zikadizili. Ukushiswa kwezimoto zikaphethiloli bekuhlanzeke kakhulu.
Nokho, izinjini zaziya zihlanzeka namafutha esebenza kahle. Ezimotweni zikadizili, baqala ukusebenzisa amafutha e-semi-synthetic ngaphambili kulawo kaphethiloli, sikhuluma njalo ngezinhlobo zamamodeli ajwayelekile. Ukubuyekeza bekubiza kakhulu, kodwa imvamisa yokushintsha yayifana ncamashi. Kwenzeka okufanayo ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, ngoba Amafutha okwenziwa e-Long Life Baqala ukuthandwa futhi ukusetshenziswa kwabo ezimotweni zikadizili kwasakazeka, kuyilapho izimoto zikaphethiloli, kuye ngokuthi imodeli, zisebenzisa i-semi-synthetic noma zokwenziwa.
Ukushintsha uwoyela ngokohlobo: okokwenziwa, okwe-semi-synthetic kanye namaminerali (5W30 – 10W40 – 20W50)
Njengoba sichazile, ukuguqulwa kwamafutha kufanele kwenziwe ngokusekelwe esincomweni somkhiqizi, ezizohlala zihluka kuye ngohlobo lwenjini kanye nohlobo lwesigcobo esisetshenzisiwe. Amafutha okwenziwa kanye ne-semi-synthetic avame ukusetshenziswa ezinjinini ezijwayelekile zezimoto zabagibeli.
Njalo mangaki amakhilomitha amafutha okwenziwa ashintshwayo?
I-Los amafutha okwenziwa Yizona ezinikeza izinzuzo ezingcono kakhulu, nakuba nazo zibiza kakhulu. Izimoto eziningi ezintsha zifakwe lawa mafutha, ikakhulukazi uma sikhuluma ngezimoto ezine-supercharging kanye ne-compression ratio. Okuvame kakhulu yi-0W30 noma 5W30, esebenza kahle kunoma yikuphi ukushisa. Ukushintshwa kwayo kuvame ukutuswa njalo ngemuva kweminyaka emibili noma u-25.000 km esiphezulu (kunabakhiqizi abakuvumela ukuthi kufike ku-30.000). Baziwa nangokuthi yi-Long Life.
Njalo ngakhilomitha amangaki amafutha e-semi-synthetic ashintshwayo?
Ngokwengxenye yabo, ama-semisynthetics kunalokho ejwayelekile izimoto kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi noma emibili edlule. Nokho, 10W40 okokugcoba multigrade (isibonelo) nazo zisetshenziswa kwezinye izimoto zedolobha ezingasebenzi kahle. Zingamafutha aphakathi phakathi kwe-mineral elula kanye ne-synthetic ngokucophelela. Kufanele zishintshwe cishe njalo ngonyaka noma njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-10.000, nakuba kukhona abakhiqizi abawandisayo aze afike ku-15.000.
Njalo mangaki amakhilomitha amafutha amaminerali ashintshwayo?
Ekugcineni, sithola i- amafutha amaminerali. Ezimotweni zesimanje kuhoxisiwe; empeleni izimoto zabagibeli zayeka ukusebenzisa lamafutha kudala. Amanye amamodeli asemadolobheni asekupheleni kwawo-90 nasekuqaleni kwawo-2000 ayisebenzisa, kodwa ayembalwa.
Kule nkathi yokugcina ayethuthukisiwe futhi ushintsho lwalutuswa njalo ngonyaka futhi, kwezinye izimo, njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-8.000. Ngaphambili kwakufanele ishintshwe njalo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha noma amakhilomitha angu-5.000 20. Ngikhumbula ukuthi eminyakeni edlule ekhaya sasinemoto esetshenziswayo eyayincoma i-mineral engu-50W5.000, okwakudingeka ishintshwe njalo ngemva kwamakhilomitha angu-XNUMX noma izinyanga eziyisithupha.
Kwenzekani uma kudlula iminyaka emi-3 ngaphandle kokushintsha uwoyela?
Impela uke wazibuza izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa kwenzekani uma sivumela isikhathi namakhilomitha kudlule. Okusho ukuthi, uma singazinaki izincomo nezikhathi zokushintsha ezishiwo umenzi. Okokuqala okumele sikucacise ukuthi uma umenzi encoma ukuthi uyishintshe ibanga elingamakhilomitha angu-10.000 300 futhi wenze amanye amakhilomitha angu-13, ngeke uyibambe injini. Kwenzeka okufanayo nangesikhathi. Uma betusa ukuyishintsha minyaka yonke bese uyishintsha ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-XNUMX, akukho okuzokwenzeka. Hlala ukhuluma ngokushayela okuvamile.
Ezindaweni zokucima ukoma ezingaphezulu kweyodwa uzwile ukuthi "ukubuyekezwa kufanele kudlule ebhokisini futhi kushiye imali endaweni yokusebenzela"Noma"Ngihlale nginweba ushintshi kawoyela ngaphezu kwalokho okushiwo uphawu, ukuthi bakulindele ngakho kufanele siye endaweni yokusebenzela futhi sichithe imali.”. Mayelulekwa: Hleka umusa wakhe, kodwa akulungile ukungamnaki. Konke kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Injini yakho izokubonga.
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye namakhilomitha amafutha alahlekelwa izakhiwo zawo. Ngaphezu kokuvimbela izingxenye zangaphakathi ukuthi zingakhuhlani ngokuqondile zodwa, kuyasiza futhi ukupholisa futhi kunqande ukubola. Ngokusetshenziswa ilahlekelwa lawa makhono, futhi i-viscosity yayo nayo iyahlukahluka.
Ukushintsha uwoyela kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani?
Kusukela ngesisekelo sokuthi amakhilomitha anconyiwe akufanele adlule, kukhona amamodeli lapho ukuguqulwa kwamafutha kunganwetshwa ngaphandle kwenkinga enkulu. Ukuze uthole ukuthi ukushintsha uwoyela kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani emotweni yakho, kufanele qaphela isimo se-lubricant lapho ishintshwa. Ungakwazi ihlole nge-dipstick yamafutha enjini.
El umbala muhle okubonisa isimo samafutha. Lapho kuba mnyama, kuba kubi nakakhulu, futhi uma ubona izinhlayiya ezingabonakali zintanta, kubi nakakhulu.
Ngokusobala, isikhathi esiningi namakhilomitha kuthatha, kubi nakakhulu ukuthi izokwenza imisebenzi yayo, ngakho ungathembi. Ekugcineni, sigcina namafutha agcoba kancane futhi apholile kancane. Ngakho-ke, ukugqoka kukhula kakhulu, kokubili ngenxa yokuntuleka kokugcoba nokushisa okweqile. Uma sihamba kancane ngeke kube nezinkinga, kodwa uma singanaki kakhulu Siyiphatha kabi injini yethu futhi sinqamula impilo ngokugxumagxuma nemingcele.
isihlungi samafutha
El isihlungi sikawoyela sinesibopho sokuqoqa konke ukungcola noma ama-chips okungenzeka kube khona ngaphakathi enjinini. Lezi zinhlayiya zihamba namafutha futhi lapho zifika esisefweni, kufanele zivaleleke kuwo. Uma uzibuza ukuthi zivelaphi, impendulo iwukuthi akhiqizwa ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi phakathi kwezingxenye ezihlukene zomakhenikha.
Phambilini abakhiqizi abaningi bathi kwanele nge buyisela isihlungi samafutha njalo ngezinguquko ezimbili ze-lubricant. Okusho ukuthi, uma amafutha ayeshintshwa njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-5.000 10.000, isihlungi sasishintshwa njalo nge-XNUMX. Uma amafutha ayeshintshwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, khona-ke isihlungi kanye ngonyaka.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi izinjini ezindala zenze ama-chips amaningi ngoba bekukhona ukuguga okuningi, njengoba ukulingana phakathi kwezingxenye bekungaqondile njengoba kwenzeka manje. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezibekiwe zazimfushane kakhulu kunanamuhla. Namuhla, ngezimoto zamanje kufanele sishintshe isihlungi samafutha ngokuvuselelwa ngakunye kwe-lubricant. Phela, lokhu kulungiswa sikwenza njalo ngemva kwamakhilomitha angu-20.000 noma angu-30.000. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukhona ukuthi ukushintshwa okubizayo.
Kubiza malini ukushintsha uwoyela?
Intengo yokushintsha uwoyela endaweni yokusebenzela ihluka kakhulu kuya ngenani lamafutha athwalwa yimoto yethu, uhlobo lwamafutha owasebenzisayo, kanye nenani lomsebenzi. Ibhodlela lokwenziwa le-5-litre livame ukuzungeze ama-euro angama-45; kuyilapho abasebenzi bencike kakhulu ezindaweni kanye nokuthi ngabe iworkshop esemthethweni noma ejwayelekile.
Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, kuyini ukushintsha uwoyela nesihlungi samafutha, kanye nokubheka ngokushesha nangokujwayelekile izingxenye eziyinhloko nezinhlelo zemoto ngaphandle kokwenza okunye ukulungisa, ngokuvamile azungeze 80 noma 100 euro. Impela, yinani okufanele “silithathe ngama-tweezers”. Ayikho into efana nokubuza intengo ngaphambi kokuthi ochwepheshe benze umsebenzi.
Uma ukhetha ukuzenza ngokwakho futhi ulondoloze okunye, ku lesi sixhumanisi ungathola ukukhethwa kwamafutha emoto ekunikeleni.
Ukuze ungazixaki, landela izincomo
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyenze uma ucabangela ukushintsha uwoyela njalo bheka izinsuku zokugcina ezikhonjiswe umenzi, engatholakala encwadini yemoto. Uma unemoto endala engenayo imanuwali, ungayicela kumkhiqizi, noma ungamane ulandele izincomo ezethulwe lapha.
Izithombe – Dafne Cholet, Berit Watkin, Matthias Mueller, Natalia Medd, Mike Mozart, Gabriel White, Calgary Reviews, Images Money
Sawubona Carlos,
Ngokujulile, uma ufuna ukubhala izindatshana mayelana nezinto zokugcoba, zitholele omunye onolwazi, angazi ukuthi uluthathaphi lolo lwazi, kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi unemiqondo ethile eyisidala kanye neminye engalungile kancane.
Uma uthanda ngingakunikeza isandla, ngoba ngibona kungcono ukungazise kunokukwazisa ngokungalungile, uma ubona ikheli lami le-imeyili, ungangabazi ukungibhalela, ngizokujabulela ukuqhathanisa ulwazi mayelana nezinto zokugcoba. nawe.
imikhonzo
Umnikelo omuhle kakhulu. Ngikholelwa ukuthi ukuba nolwazi oluyisisekelo kumakhenikha kubaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke abanezimoto. Ngale ndlela, akuzona kuphela izinkinga zansuku zonke ezingalungiswa emishinini ehlukene, kodwa futhi iqiniso lokukwazi ukubona izinkinga ezimotweni kusiza ukuvimbela izingozi zomgwaqo.
Uwoyela uyashintsha njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu noma u-5.000 km….
ukuthi kunabantu abangawushintshi uwoyela….
Ngiyacela, kungabikho muntu ofunda le nto oyikholelwayo, uma unokungabaza, bheka incwadi yakho yemoto noma uye endaweni yokusebenzela "yochwepheshe".
Uthi ngaphambi kwalokho kwakuba njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu nangempela ngaphambi kwalokho kwakunjena
5000 km? Ngiyishintsha njalo ekuseni ngaphambi kokuthi ngihambe ekhaya...
Ngalokho abakhiqizi abathanda ukuthola imali ngokulungiswa, futhi ngesincomo se-5 kuya ku-8000 km, bahamba babeke ku-15, 20, 30 noma ngisho ne-50.000 km ...
Ulwazi ngalokhu alulungile nganoma iyiphi indlela!
Sawubona. Into engcono kakhulu ukuhlola amafutha, ukubona okuqukethwe komlotha, izinsimbi, amafutha, amanzi, njll, futhi ngaleyo ndlela usebenzise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha.
Ngine-jet yohlobo lwe-fiat. Ngokombono, uwoyela kuzomele ushintshwe ku-15.000 6.000 km, kodwa ngesikhathi sokugijima bavame ukusebenzisa uwoyela kanti njengoba u-5 40 km unciphile. Amafutha okugqekeza ayajeziswa futhi angcolise izinhlayiya eziningi zensimbi kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa zokuqala. Ngicabanga ukuthi esikhundleni sokwengeza amafutha amasha kungcono ukushintsha amafutha. Ngicolile amafutha futhi ngengeze cishe amalitha amathathu amafutha amasha atuswe umenzi, esimweni sami i-9.000-15.000 ye-petronás ekhethekile ye-LPG. Okuhle kungaba ukushintsha isihlungi naso, kodwa angikwazanga ngoba sidinga ithuluzi elikhethekile. Kwenye i-3.2 km ngizoshintsha uwoyela nesihlungi, futhi ukusuka lapha njalo ngamakhilomitha ayi-15.000, njengoba kucaciswe umenzi. Lezi zinjini zidinga amalitha kawoyela angu-XNUMX okuhlanganisa nesisefo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uwoyela mude kangakanani, akufanele usetshenziswe ibanga elingaphezu kuka-XNUMX XNUMX km, njengoba ukuthwala uwoyela omncane kusebenza kakhulu futhi wonakala kakhulu uma uthwala ngaphezulu.
Bheka, imoto yami inesikhathi esithile ngaphandle kokuqala, ngisho ukuthi ngiyisebenzisa cishe nsuku zonke isonto elilodwa noma ama-2 bese ngiyeka ukuyisebenzisa inyanga egcwele, lokhu kuthinta kanjani ukusebenza nokugcinwa kwamafutha nezihlungi?
Kulungile Isihloko esihle kakhulu, bengilokhu ngenza into efanele
Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, uwoyela wenjini kufanele ushintshwe njalo ngonyaka.
Kuya ngokuthi amafutha angamaminerali (5.000 km noma izinyanga eziyisithupha), i-semi-synthetic (10.000 km noma unyaka owodwa) kanye ne-synthetic (15.000 km noma unyaka owodwa).
Ngokulandela lo mthetho olula sizobe sivikela futhi selule impilo yenjini yezimoto zethu.
Ukuthethelela ukuphathwa kabi kwenjini ngokwandisa izinguquko enanini elibiza ngayo endaweni yokusebenzela ngayinye noma lokho okushiwo umenzi (izibalo ezeqile, ngoba phela badayisa izimoto) kuyiphutha lengane elizosilethela izinkinga kuphela.
Amaminerali (5.000 km), i-semi-synthetic (10.000 km) kanye ne-synthetic (15.000 km) futhi angeqi unyaka owodwa.
Injini ihlale ithanda entsha (uma sazi ukushayela nokunakekela isivinini).
Okubuhlungu kakhulu ukuthi uma ushintsha uwoyela wenjini, awukwazi ukuthi ukusiphi isimo, okusho ukuthi uwashintsha ngokungaboni.
Kufanele ngiyishintshe njalo ngemuva kuka-20.000 XNUMX km.
Ngino-8.400 km ngakho ikhilomitha ngalinye ngenza kahle.
Nokho, sekuphele cishe iminyaka emi-3 kusukela ekubuyekezweni kokugcina.
Kungcono ukuhamba ngesikhathi, kunokuhamba nge-km, akunjalo?